The Draft Genome Sequence and Analysis of an Efficiently Chitinolytic Bacterium Chitinibacter sp. Strain GC72
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The Draft Genome Sequence and Analysis of an Efficiently Chitinolytic Bacterium Chitinibacter sp. Strain GC72 Alei Zhang1 · Xiaofang Mo1 · Guoguang Wei1 · Ning Zhou1 · Sai Yang1 · Jie Chen1 · Yingying Wang1 · Kequan Chen1 · Pingkai Ouyang1 Received: 10 October 2019 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A novel chitinolytic bacterium Chitinibacter sp. GC72, which produces an enzyme capable of efficiently converting chitin only into N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), was successfully sequenced and analyzed. The assembled draft genome of strain GC72 is 3,455,373 bp, containing 3346 encoded protein sequences with G + C content of 53.90%. Among these annotated genes, 17 chitinolytic enzymes including 12 glycoside hydrolase family 18 chitinases, three family 19 chitinases, one family 20 β-hexosaminidase, and one auxiliary activity family 10 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase, were found to be essential in the production of GlcNAc from chitin. The genomic information of strain GC72 provides a reference genome for Chitinibacter bacteria and abundant novel chitinolytic enzyme resources, and allows researchers to explore potential applications in GlcNAc enzymatic production.
Introduction Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide on earth after cellulose, and it forms the essential structural component of crustacean shells at a proportion of 20–30% [1]. Numerous inedible parts (crab, shrimp, and lobster shell wastes) are produced annually around the globe during the process of human consumption, which causes severe environmental pollution because they are disposed of rather than utilized effectively [2]. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), the monomeric unit of chitin, exhibits specific bioactivities that have been used widely in many fields, such as dietary supplements, cosmetics ingredients, and osteoarthritis therapeutics [3]. Moreover, with the improvement in peoples’ living standard, the market demand for GlcNAc is gradually increasing [4]. Therefore, it would be economically and environmentally significant to identify a method to efficiently produce high value chemicals from normally discarded chitin resources.
* Kequan Chen [email protected] 1
College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials‑Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, People’s Republic of China
Chemically synthesized GlcNAc from chitin is not preferred due to the toxicity and risks associated with serious pollution during the production process [5]. Hence, increasing attention has been paid to developing enzymatic hydrolysis because it is environmentally friendly and results in products with specific bioactivity, compared with chemical routes. Chitinolytic enzymes, the essential enzymes involved in catabolism of chitin, possess many important applications in various fields, especially in degrading chitin biomass to GlcNAc [6]. Many microbes have been identified as inexpensive sources for chitinolytic
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