The Emergence of the Science of Engineering

Modern technology historians identify the birth of a new figure in the 18th century, the scientific engineer. His goal was the rationalization of design and implementation of processes. For this purpose, he used hypotheses and experimentations, as in the

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Danilo Capecchi

Epistemology and Natural Philosophy in the 18th Century The Roots of Modern Physics

History of Mechanism and Machine Science Volume 39

Series Editor Marco Ceccarelli, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

This bookseries establishes a well-defined forum for Monographs and Proceedings on the History of Mechanism and Machine Science (MMS). The series publishes works that give an overview of the historical developments, from the earliest times up to and including the recent past, of MMS in all its technical aspects. This technical approach is an essential characteristic of the series. By discussing technical details and formulations and even reformulating those in terms of modern formalisms the possibility is created not only to track the historical technical developments but also to use past experiences in technical teaching and research today. In order to do so, the emphasis must be on technical aspects rather than a purely historical focus, although the latter has its place too. Furthermore, the series will consider the republication of out-of-print older works with English translation and comments. The book series is intended to collect technical views on historical developments of the broad field of MMS in a unique frame that can be seen in its totality as an Encyclopaedia of the History of MMS but with the additional purpose of archiving and teaching the History of MMS. Therefore. the book series is intended not only for researchers of the History of Engineering but also for professionals and students who are interested in obtaining a clear perspective of the past for their future technical works. The books will be written in general by engineers but not only for engineers. The series is promoted under the auspices of International Federation for the Promotion of Mechanism and Machine Science (IFToMM). Prospective authors and editors can contact Mr. Pierpaolo Riva (publishing editor, Springer) at: [email protected] Indexed by SCOPUS and Google Scholar.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7481

Danilo Capecchi

Epistemology and Natural Philosophy in the 18th Century The Roots of Modern Physics

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Danilo Capecchi Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica Sapienza Università di Roma Roma, Italy

ISSN 1875-3442 ISSN 1875-3426 (electronic) History of Mechanism and Machine Science ISBN 978-3-030-52851-5 ISBN 978-3-030-52852-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52852-2 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered

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