The first detection and characterization of goose parvovirus (GPV) in Turkey
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The first detection and characterization of goose parvovirus (GPV) in Turkey Özlem Kardoğan 1 & Hamit Kaan Müştak 2 & İnci Başak Müştak 2 Received: 17 July 2020 / Accepted: 25 October 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Derzsy’s disease, which is seen in goslings (Anser anser domestica) and Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata), progresses to high mortality and causes significant yield losses. The disease agent is goose parvovirus (GPV), which is common in countries with waterfowl production. It has not previously been reported in Turkey. Using qPCR and sequencing of the VP3 protein-encoding gene, GPV is identified as the causative agent of high mortality among geese between 2018 and 2019. The VP3 sequences were also compared with the similar GenBank sequences phylogenetically. All the sequences were found to be most similar (98.90%) with Polish and Taiwan GPV strains. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP3 gene in strains in Turkey and comparison with strains from other countries demonstrated that the Turkish strains are native to the geography and circulated locally. This study detected the presence of the GPV gene for the first time in Turkey and demonstrated the importance of comparing the vaccine strain and wild type. Keywords Goose . Parvovirus . Phylogeny . VP3 gene
Introduction Parvovirus infections cause a fatal infectious waterfowl disease affecting goslings (Anser anser domestica) and Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata). It is widely observed everywhere in waterfowl production. In geese, the disease is also known as Derzsy’s disease (Palya, 2020). According to the current classification, Derzsy’s disease virus is Anseriform dependoparvovirus 1 (AD1), which is classified in the Dependovirus genus of the Parvoviridae family. It can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally (Cotmore et al. 2014). There are two large open reading frames in the viral genome, which is approximately 5100 bp * İnci Başak Müştak [email protected] Özlem Kardoğan [email protected] Hamit Kaan Müştak [email protected] 1
Veterinary Control Central Research Institute, Poultry Disease Diagnosis and Research Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Ankara University, Şehit Ömer Halisdemir Bulv Dışkapı, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
in length with a single-stranded DNA. While the ORF at the 5′ end encodes the non-structural and regulatory proteins involved in virus replication, the ORF at the 3′ end encodes the structural capsid proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3 (Palya, 2020). Structural surface proteins exhibit the virus’s genetic variance. Mutations in the genes encoding these structures change the virus’s immunological properties (Tatár-Kis et al. 2004; Wozniakowski et al. 2009). Since the VP2 and VP3 gene regions contain both conserved and variable regions, they are used specifically to detect virus evolution and genetic variance in Derzsy’s disease (Wozniakowski et al. 2009). There are two lineages (goose parvovirus (GPV) and duck parvovirus (DPV)) within the AD1 st
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