The relationship between zooplankton community and environmental factors of Ghrib Dam in Algeria
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SELECTED CASE STUDIES ON THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE MEDITERRANEAN AND SURROUNDING REGIONS
The relationship between zooplankton community and environmental factors of Ghrib Dam in Algeria Somia Hamil 1,2
&
Djaouida Bouchelouche 1 & Siham Arab 1,3 & Malika Alili 2 & Mounia Baha 2 & Abdeslem Arab 1
Received: 3 April 2020 / Accepted: 13 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The effect of environmental factors on zooplankton diversity, abundance, and distribution in the Ghrib Dam water body was investigated for 2 years from June 2013 to May 2015. A total of 61 species of zooplankton were recorded, including 45 rotifers, 13 cladocerans, and 3 copepods. The zooplankton abundance fluctuated between 4 and 3363 ind.L−1, and its Shannon–Wiener index of zooplankton diversity in Ghrib Dam varied from H′ = 1.15 to 3.77 during the 2-year study period. The highest diversity index was recorded at sampling site S1 in January 2015, due to the increase of specific richness (Ni = 27, Dmg = 5.75). Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to determine the influence of environmental factors in structuring the zooplankton species for each group. The results of CCA revealed that the most significant environmental factors influencing zooplankton community were water temperature (WT), dissolved oxygen (DO), phosphorus (PO4−), and NO3− (p < 0.05, Monte Carlo permutation test). Meanwhile, the appearance of Hexarthra sp., Collotheca pelagica, and Diaphanosoma brachyurum indicated a rise in WT. The existence of Filinia longiseta, Keratella quadrata, and Cyclops strenuus correlated with a rising of DO. Brachionus urceolaris, Filinia passa, Keratella tecta, Notholca acuminata, and Polyarthra dolichoptera positively coexisted in an increased PO4−. Daphnia longispina and Oxyurella tenuicaudis were positively associated with high concentration of NO3−. Keywords Rotifers . CCA . Environmental factors . Diversity . Zooplankton . Ghrib dam
Introduction In aquatic ecosystems, zooplankton play a fundamental role in the pelagic realm, channelling energy from primary producers to a higher trophic levels (Lampert and Sommer 2007). Rotifera and Crustacea (Cladocera and Copepoda) which are the most common groups of freshwater zooplankton respond rapidly to many environmental stressors, such as hydrological changes and anthropogenic activity-induced water pollution Responsible Editor: Thomas Hein * Somia Hamil [email protected]; [email protected] 1
FSB, Laboratory of Dynamics and Biodiversity (LaDyBio), USTHB, L.P. 32, El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria
2
Laboratory of Eco-Biology Animals (L.E.B.A.), École Normale Supérieure de Kouba Bachir El Ibrahimi, B.P. 92, 6050 Algiers, Algeria
3
FSTGAT, USTHB, L.P. 32, El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria
(Dodson et al. 2005; Simões et al. 2015;Adamczuk et al. 2015). They are usually considered to be a good indicator of environmental changes (Paganelli et al. 2014). The abundance and biomass levels of zooplankton are largely regulated by changes in r
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