The SnRK2 family in pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.): genome-wide identification and expression analyses during fruit develo
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Genes & Genomics https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-020-00968-y
REVIEW
The SnRK2 family in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.): genome-wide identification and expression analyses during fruit development and under abiotic stress Zhiming Wu1 · Jiaowen Cheng2 · Fang Hu2 · Cheng Qin3 · Xiaowan Xu4 · Kailin Hu2 Received: 6 October 2019 / Accepted: 5 July 2020 © The Genetics Society of Korea 2020
Abstract Plant-specific SnRK2 (sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 2) genes play crucial roles in the coordination of plant growth and development and responses to stress. However, comprehensive studies have not been performed for this gene family in pepper (Capsicum annuum), a very important Solanaceous vegetable worldwide. To fully understand the status of SnRK2s in chili pepper, a total of 9 putative SnRK2 genes (named CaSnRK2.1-2.9) were identified in pepper in the present study. These genes were located on 7 different chromosomes and classified into three subfamilies based on the phylogenetic tree. Their conserved motif compositions and exon-intron structures were systematically analyzed, and the results strongly supported the classification. Furthermore, a total of 81 putative cis-elements were found in the promoter regions, and the cis-elements related to hormone and stress signaling were abundant. Finally, the CaSnRK2 gene expression profiles among different tissues, especially developing fruit tissue, and under various abiotic stresses were investigated to identify tissuespecific or stress-responsive candidates. This study was the first to comprehensively investigate the SnRK2 family in pepper, and the results provide important clues for further functional analyses of fruit development and abiotic stress responses. Keywords Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) · SnRK2 family · Fruit development · Abiotic stress · Gene expression
Introduction Harsh environments greatly limit plant growth and crop yields. To adapt to changing environments, plants have formed a series of different defense-related metabolic mechanisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-020-00968-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Zhiming Wu [email protected]; [email protected] 1
College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, China
2
College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
3
Pepper Institute, Zunyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China
4
Institute of Vegetable, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
Protein kinases and protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation play important roles in signal transduction pathways with respect to the recognition and transmission of stress signals to different parts of cells. Members of the SnRK (or SNF1-related protein kinase) family are specific types of serine/threonine protein kin
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