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Thin-film heterostructures of Fe- and Co-BaTiO3 exhibit interface multiferroicity at room temperature

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aterials possessing coupled roomtemperature ferromagnetic (FM) and ferroelectric (FE) order are currently the subject of intense research for use in spintronic memories that store information through charge and spin. Singlephase materials displaying such multiferroic order are exceedingly rare in nature, so attention has shifted to artificially grown thin-film FM and FE hetero-

nels can improve systems with high base fill factors. Additional theoretical modeling shows that such benefits could apply to high-efficiency photovoltaics, as well as the 2–3% efficiency technologies on which these funnels were tested. The research team suggests that CQD funnel

solar cells could enable higher powerper-square-foot densities, lowering the square footage of solar cells needed to power a building. Benjamin Scheiner

structures. In the October issue of Nature Materials (DOI: 10.1038/NMAT3098; p. 753), a group led by M. Bibes and A. Barthélémy at the CNRS/Thales laboratory in Palaiseau, France, reports on room-temperature interfacial multiferroicity in BaTiO3 thin films and substrates covered by Fe and Co layers. The research team deposited thinfilm heterostructures consisting of Fe/ BTO or Co/BTO onto a half metallic La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) layer to form a magnetic tunnel junction. They then performed magnetoresistance and x-ray resonant magnetic scattering (XRMS) measurements to probe the magnetic

structure of the Fe/BTO and the Co/ BTO interfaces. The researchers found that the magnetoresistance of the junction depends on the orientation of the FE polarization in the BTO layer, which they interpret as a modulation of the spin polarization of the adjacent Fe and Co layers. The XRMS results also exhibit an asymmetry and hysteresis that corresponds to an induced interfacial magnetic moment in the BTO layer at room temperature. To better understand these observations, the researchers conducted first-principles electronicstructure calculations and determined that moments of −0.07 μB/Ti atom and

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