Timing Performance of Nanometer Digital Circuits Under Process Variations

This book discusses the digital design of integrated circuits under process variations, with a focus on design-time solutions. The authors describe a step-by-step methodology, going from logic gates to logic paths to the circuit level. Topics are presente

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Victor Champac Jose Garcia Gervacio

Timing Performance of Nanometer Digital Circuits Under Process Variations

FRONTIERS IN ELECTRONIC TESTING Volume 39

Series Editor: Vishwani D. Agrawal ECE, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/5994

Victor Champac • Jose Garcia Gervacio

Timing Performance of Nanometer Digital Circuits Under Process Variations

123

Victor Champac INAOE Tonantzintla, Puebla, Mexico

Jose Garcia Gervacio Universidad Veracruzana Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico

ISSN 0929-1296 Frontiers in Electronic Testing ISBN 978-3-319-75464-2 ISBN 978-3-319-75465-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75465-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018935598 © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer International Publishing AG part of Springer Nature. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

To my son Francisco, and our families.

Preface

Integrated circuits are present in a diversity of electronic applications around us. We can find them in a wide spectrum of consumer applications like smartphones, iPods, video games, mobile computing, and printers, among others. Electronics applications are present in servers and networking and also in critical applications like medical, space, avionics, and cars. Electronics products are expected to play an important role in new market applications such as the Internet of things (IoT). Possibilities of these applications range from smart-home applications, wearable devices, and industrial automation to smart cities among others in this growing market. The success of electronic applications has relied on a continuous scaling of semiconduct