Transitions in microbial communities along two sediment cores collected from the landward walls of the New Britain trenc
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Transitions in microbial communities along two sediment cores collected from the landward walls of the New Britain trench Li Wang1 · Rulong Liu1 · Xing Wei1 · Zixuan Wang1 · Ziyi Shen1 · Junwei Cao1 · Yuli Wei1 · Zhe Xie1 · Liangbiao Chen2 · Jiasong Fang1,3 Received: 18 June 2020 / Accepted: 13 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The landward wall of the New Britain Trench (NBT) is an active continental margin. Unlike passive margins, it lacks a continental rise and the abyssal plain, and has a steep continental slope ending in an oceanic trench. Although the trench systems are receiving more and more attentions, our understanding of the microbiology of the NBT and its trench walls is limited. In this study, we collected a 70 cm gravity core (4524 m depth) and a 30 cm box core (4130 m depth) from the western and eastern landward walls of the NBT, respectively. Diversity and composition of microbial communities were investigated at high resolution in 2 cm depth intervals. In two cores, obvious vertical transitions from the aerobic to anaerobic but distinct dominant anaerobic microbes were observed. In the eastern trench wall, anaerobic fermenters, such as Anaerolineales and Alphaproteobacteria, were dominant, but the western contained abundant Dehalococcoidia, and Gammaproteobacteria, such as Alteromonadales and Oceanospirillales. Combined with the results of higher bacteria abundance and probable shallower aerobic active zone in the eastern core, such patterns of species composition might be related with richer input of labile allochthonous terrestrial organic matter by mass wasting processes in the steeper eastern wall. Our analysis also revealed highly diversified Dehalococcoidia including some new phylotypes, extending the current understandings on Dehalococcoidia diversity. This study fills the gap of benthic microbial study in the NBT, and highlights the need of multi-point sampling in trench studies for the great geographical variations along the trench wall.
Introduction Responsible Editor: D. K. Ngugi. Reviewed by undisclosed experts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-020-03788-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jiasong Fang [email protected] 1
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Room 530, No. 3 Building, Ocean Hi‑Tech Park, Lane 218, Haiji Sixth Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
2
Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China
3
Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
Deep-sea sediments beneath approximately 200 m water depth cover more than 65%
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