Understanding the molecular basis on the biological suppression of bacterial leaf blight of anthurium exerted by Bacillu
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Understanding the molecular basis on the biological suppression of bacterial leaf blight of anthurium exerted by Bacillus subtilis (BIO3) through proteomic approach S. Nakkeeran1 · M. Suganyadevi1 · S. Rajamanickam1 Received: 23 July 2020 / Accepted: 26 September 2020 © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020
Abstract We attempted to study the antibacterial activity of rhizospheric Bacillus spp., to curb the bacterial blight of anthurium caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae (Xad). Twenty-eight bacterial isolates from rhizospheric regions were identified as different Bacillus spp. and Ochrobactrum sp. using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. B. subtilis BIO3 effectively inhibited the growth of Xad up to 1450.7 mm2, and extracted volatile organic metabolites from the isolate BIO3 inhibited the growth of Xad up to 1024 mm2. Tritrophic interaction of anthurium leaves bacterized with B. subtilis BIO3 and challenged with Xad resulted in the expression of 12 unique proteins compared to untreated control. Mascot Peptide Mass Fingerprint-based identification indicated that one was glutathione peroxidase, involved in defence mechanism, other six proteins were identified as leghemoglobin II, CTP synthase-like, predicted protein (Physcomitrella patens), centromere-associated protein E, grain size protein, and five proteins were hypothetical proteins. Foliar application with 1% liquid formulations (108 CFU/ ml) of B. subtilis BIO3 significantly suppressed the bacterial leaf blight of anthurium up to 78% over untreated control and also increased the stem length and flower yield. Keywords Anthurium bacterial blight · Bacillus spp · 2D-PAGE analysis · Expressed protein · Disease suppression
Introduction Anthurium (Anthurium andreanum Linden) is the second largest cut flower cultivated in tropical humid climate. In India, it is commercially grown in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Goa and Maharashtra. The flowers of anthurium are popular among flower arrangers because of their attractive colours, increased vase life, bold effect and long-lasting qualities (Teixeira da Silva et al. 2015; Prakasha et al. 2017). The greatest advantage of anthurium is it produces flowers throughout the year around. Though anthurium has commercial potential, its cultivation is hindered due to the bacterial leaf light caused by Xanthomonas Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-02456-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * S. Nakkeeran [email protected] 1
Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, India
axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae (Xad). The disease was first reported from Brazil in 1960 (Nishijima 1988) and is prevalent in almost all anthurium growing regions of the world. The disease was reported in Tamil Nadu by Sathyanarayana et al. (1998) and in the state of Kerala by Dhanya et al.(2016). Symptoms of bacterial blight appeared on t
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