Utilization of SDS-PAGE and histochemistry for pharmacognostical studies on selected mangroves and halophytes from the P
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Utilization of SDS‑PAGE and histochemistry for pharmacognostical studies on selected mangroves and halophytes from the Pichavaram, South India M. Johnson1 · G. Adaikala Raj1 · T. Shibila1 · P. Ramakrishnan1 · I. R. A. Menezes2 · J. G. M. da Costa2 · H. D. M. Coutinho2 Received: 5 October 2018 / Accepted: 24 November 2019 © Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract This study focused on revealing the pharmacognostical marker, viz. histochemical and protein profiles for Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh., Rhizophora mucronata Lam, Excoecaria agallocha L., Suaeda maritima Dumort and Sesuvium portulacastrum L. The proteins of the studied plants were isolated using phosphate buffer and separated using SDS-PAGE. The separated profiles were visualized using silver staining. The results of the histochemical analysis indicated the profuse presence of polyphenols, tannin and lignin in the epidermis and hypodermis of leaves, stem and roots of selected mangroves and halophytes. Lignin, tannin and polyphenols showed their occurrence in large quantities at endodermis, xylem and phloem of leaves, stem and roots. A total of 40 bands with multiple regions of activity with varied MW–Rf values were observed in the SDS-PAGE system of studied mangrove and halophytes. Keywords Pharmacognosy · Mangroves · Halophytes · Histochemistry · Protein profile
1 Introduction Histochemical studies are not only used for the localization of chemical compounds but they are used to distinguish the plants based on metabolites occurrence. Histochemical studies are used as taxonomical tool to find the similarities and variation among the members of Dioscoreaceae (Edeog and Okoli 1995), Verbenaceae (Mathew and Shah 2006), lamiaceae (Sathya and Phawa 2018), Selaginella (Sivaraman and Johnson 2014), Leguminosae-papilionoideae (Mbagwu and Edeoga 2006), Solidago chilensis (De Souza et al. 2018), advanced and primitive ferns (Johnson et al. 2014; Irudayaraj et al. 2014). In addition to morphological, anatomical, histochemical and cytology, protein profile also * H. D. M. Coutinho [email protected] 1
Department of Botany, Centre for Plant Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu 627 002, India
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Department of Biological Chemistry, Centre of Biological Science and Health, Regional University of Cariri – URCA, Rua Cel. Antonio Luis 1161, Pimenta, Crato, CE 63105‑000, Brazil
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serves as biochemical markers to distinguish the plants (Gepts 1990). Sodium-dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoris is employed to reveal inter- and intra-specific variation of plants (Johnson 2012, 2016). Mangroves and halophytes are highly resistant to salinity and possess various metabolites/bioactive compounds with different biological properties (Ravikumar et al. 2010). A number of phytochemical studies on mangroves confirmed the occurrence of various metabolites (Ravikumar et al. 2010; Midadul et al. 2011). Globally, several studies were carried out on mangroves and halophytes (Chandraseka
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