Utilizing Gelatinized Starchy Waste from Rice Noodle Factory as Substrate for L(+)-Lactic Acid Production by Amylolytic
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Utilizing Gelatinized Starchy Waste from Rice Noodle Factory as Substrate for L(+)-Lactic Acid Production by Amylolytic Lactic Acid Bacterium Enterococcus faecium K-1 Kridsada Unban 1 & Ramita Khanongnuch 2 & Apinun Kanpiengjai 3 & Kalidas Shetty 4 & Chartchai Khanongnuch 1 Received: 20 January 2020 / Accepted: 22 April 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
To valorize starchy waste from rice noodle factory, bioconversion of gelatinized starchy waste (GSW) to value-added product as L(+)-lactic acid, the monomer for polylactate synthesis, was investigated using amylolytic lactic acid bacterium, Enterococcus faecium K-1. Screening for appropriate nitrogen source to replace expensive organic nitrogen sources revealed that corn steep liquor (CSL) was the most suitable regarding high efficacy for L(+)-LA achievement and low-cost property. The successful applying statistic experimental design, Plackett-Burman design incorporated with central composite design (CCD), predicted the maximum L(+)-LA of 93.07 g/L from the optimized medium (OM) containing 125.7 g/L GSW and 207.3 g/L CSL supplemented with CH3COONa, MgSO4, MnSO4, K2HPO4, CaCl2, (NH4)2HC6H5O7, and Tween80. Minimizing the medium cost by removal of all inorganic salts and Tween80 from OM was not an effect on L(+)-LA yield. Fermentation using the optimized medium without minerals (OM-Mi) containing only GSW (125.7 g/L) and CSL (207.3 g/L) in a 10-L fermenter was also successful. Thinning GSW with α-amylase from Lactobacillus plantarum S21 increased L(+)-LA productivity in the early stage of 24-h fermentation. Not only showing the feasible bioconversion process for GSW utilizing as a substrate for L(+)-LA production, this research also demonstrated the efficient model for industrial starchy waste valorization. Keywords ALAB . Low-cost medium . Enterococcus faecium . Starchy waste . L-lactic acid
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-02003314-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
* Chartchai Khanongnuch [email protected]; [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Introduction Thailand was recognized as one of the large global rice producer, and approximately 55% of the rice production has been distributed for domestic consumption [1, 2]. Apart from the rice consumption as a daily meal, the raw rice is also significantly used as a main substrate for a noodle production in Thailand. In rice noodle-processing factories, large amount of carbohydrate-rich waste/wastewater daily generated during production processes. Those include raw starchy waste suspended in wastewater effluent generated during rice washing, soaking, and milling steps and the gelatinized starchy waste generated during noodle-forming process. Gelatinized starchy waste (GSW), a high concentration of gelatinized rice flour, consists of approximately 9–10% (w/w) total ca
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