Variability for Salt (NaCl) Tolerance of Six Ethiopian Pea ( Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum ) Landraces
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FULL-LENGTH RESEARCH ARTICLE
Variability for Salt (NaCl) Tolerance of Six Ethiopian Pea (Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum) Landraces Berhane Gebreslassie Gebreegziabher1,2
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Berhanu Abraha Tsegay1
Received: 16 July 2019 / Accepted: 29 January 2020 Ó NAAS (National Academy of Agricultural Sciences) 2020
Abstract The biotic approach to overcome salinity stress has recently received global attention. Hence, the identification of existing crop landraces that could enhance salt tolerance is of considerable value for agriculture. We examined six landraces of a pea to find out their relative tolerance levels under varying salt concentrations. Landraces’ seeds were obtained from four districts of Ethiopia at different altitudinal ranges (1379–2457 m a.s.l.). The landraces Wemberet 2017 and Wemberet 2-2017 from Ofla, Sirinka 2017 from Habru, Gedober 2017 from Gubalafto, Mekan 2017 and Tahtay-haya 2017 from Endamehoni were examined for salinity tolerance by growing them in four salt treatment levels (5 dS/m, 7 dS/ m, 9 dS/m, and 15 dS/m). Distilled water (0 dS/m) was used as a control. Fifty surface-sterilized seeds per Petri-dish were sown for each salt treatment and the control. Growth features decreased with increasing salinity stress. Landraces Mekan 2017, Wemberet 2017, Sirinka 2017, and Gedober 2017 exhibited higher resistance (5–7 dS/m) to NaCl. Wemberet 2017 and Mekan 2017 landraces showed the best growth performance at 5 dS/m. Tahtay-haya was the most affected by salt stress. Keywords Altitude Growth performance Salinity level Yield
Introduction Human population is increasing continuously showing that the land and water resources are unable to sustain by 2050 [33]. This requires agricultural production to increase by 70% globally, and 100% in developing countries [8]. Increasing food production through expansion of the cultivation area will become challenging in the future. This is due to progressive urbanization, industrialization, soil degradation including soil salinization and insufficient farmlands [33]. Irrigation practices are the goals and strategies of this era to increase crop production, & Berhane Gebreslassie Gebreegziabher [email protected] 1
Department of Biology, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Computational Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
particularly in developing countries. Agricultural areas become saline needing salt-tolerant landraces with untapped genetic diversity, adaptive to local agro-environmental conditions and able to achieve yield stability instead of introducing new crop varieties [16, 31]. Some studies [15, 31] believe that landraces have genotypic variability, integrity, and local adaptation to thrive under stress conditions. Salinity results in low agricultural production and consequently low income [17]. In Ethiopia, soil salinity problem is a major cause of low agricultural productivity. The biotic approach to overcome salinity stress has recently received global attention. H
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