Assessment of synthetic auxin type compounds as potential modulators of herbicide action in Pisum sativum L.
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Assessment of synthetic auxin type compounds as potential modulators of herbicide action in Pisum sativum L. Iskren Sergiev 1 & Dessislava Todorova 1 & Elena Shopova 1 & Liliana Brankova 1 & Jurga Jankauskienė 2 & Sigita Jurkonienė 2 & Virgilija Gavelienė 2 & Rima Mockevičiūtė 2 Received: 6 January 2020 / Accepted: 1 July 2020 # Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract The physiological effects of the synthetic auxins 1-[2-chloroethoxycarbonyl-methyl]-4-naphthalenesulfonic acid calcium salt (TA-12) and 1-[2-dimethylaminoethoxicarbonylmethyl]naphthalene chlormethylate (TA-14) on herbicide-induced responses in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings were studied. Two different herbicides inhibiting amino acid biosynthesis namely Glyphosate and Glean-75 were used in this study. The herbicide treatments provoked metabolic disruption and consequently led to inhibition of plant growth. Pretreatment with the synthetic auxins partially improved the growth of herbicide-treated plants. This was accompanied by a decrease of non-enzymatic antioxidants (free proline, low-molecular thiols, and total phenolics), malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide dismutase activity. Glutathione reductase activity was increased by the herbicide treatments, but was not altered by the TAs. The pretreatment with the auxin compounds modulated the activities of catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase in specific manner and the plants were able to cope with the negative consequences of the herbicides and to sustain their growth. Keywords Antioxidants . Herbicides . Pea plants . Stress markers . Synthetic auxins
Introduction Herbicides are the most widely used chemicals among the different types of products applied in the modern agriculture. This determines the need to study their effects on the target organisms, namely weeds, as well as on non-target plant species (crops). The herbicidal active compounds belong to 36 chemical groups (classification according to their chemical structure: http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/class_herbicides. html) but according to their mechanism of action they are classified as photosynthesis blockers, auxin type herbicides, inhibitors of amino acid biosynthesis, inhibitors of lipid and fatty acid biosynthesis, etc. (Cobb 1992). The herbicides can
* Dessislava Todorova [email protected] 1
Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
2
Nature Research Centre, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Institute of Botany, Akademijos Str. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
also be classified as selective (which affect certain plant species) and total (strike all plant species). Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine) is a total herbicide that has a toxic effect on all plant species (Cobb 1992; Gomes et al. 2014; de Freitas-Silva et al. 2017; Ferreira et al. 2017). It is used to destroy undesirable plants in both agricultural and non-agricultural areas. It is often used t
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