Water quality assessment of Garhwal Himalayan Lake Tarakund based on the application of WQI and mitigation measures for
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Water quality assessment of Garhwal Himalayan Lake Tarakund based on the application of WQI and mitigation measures for its conservation and management H. Rawat1 · R. Singh1 · S. Namtak1 · A. Deep1 · S. Mamgain2 · A. Sharma3 · N. Tripathi1 · V. Kirti1 · R. Kumar1 Received: 13 December 2019 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2020
Abstract Tarakund is a small pristine lake located in the Pauri Garhwal region of Uttarakhand. Local residents, tourists, and wild animals are entirely depending on this lake to fulfill their water requirements. But in past few years due to climate change and excessive anthropogenic activities, this lake is facing a high rate of degradation and instantly needs to be conserved and managed. The baseline information about the quality of water is a precondition for the conservation and management of Tarakund Lake. The physico-chemical characteristics and water quality assessment of Garhwal Himalayan Lake Tarakund were studied monthly from January 2018 to December 2018. A total of sixteen water quality characteristics including DO, turbidity, BOD, TDS, total alkalinity were observed to evaluate the health status of the lake. WQI methodology was also applied to evaluate the health status of the water of Himalayan Lake Tarakund. The recorded observations demonstrated that the health status of water of the Himalayan Lake Tarakund in broad term stands “poor” as per the given standards of various organizations like WHO and ISO for drinking water. The WQI value (159.77) also confirmed the poor water quality of the lake. Keywords Conservation · Management · Tarakund lake · Uttarakhand · Water quality analysis
Introduction Our environment gives us assistance including the goods that are must for our daily routine. These natural resources include air, water, soil, minerals, etc. out of which the most important resource is water, without which life cannot be imagined on the planet Earth. Water plays a crucial role in the survival of life and various other activities such as agriculture, aquaculture, electricity generation, industries, drinking, bathing, and recreation. Most of the part of our * R. Kumar [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Freshwater Biology, Department of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand 246174, India
2
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand 246174, India
3
Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
planet that is around 70% is covered underwater. Out of this amount of water, 97% is available in Oceans and seas that are saline in nature. Its salinity is around 3.5% and we are not able to consume it without desalination. Only 3% of water is Freshwater, in which 2% is locked down in the form of icecaps and glaciers and the remaining 1% accounts for all the available water resources such as rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, springs, and gro
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