Zinc- and cadmium-tolerant endophytic bacteria from Murdannia spectabilis (Kurz) Faden. studied for plant growth-promoti
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Zinc‑ and cadmium‑tolerant endophytic bacteria from Murdannia spectabilis (Kurz) Faden. studied for plant growth‑promoting properties, in vitro inoculation, and antagonism Ladawan Rattanapolsan1 · Woranan Nakbanpote1 · Aphidech Sangdee1 Received: 3 June 2020 / Revised: 20 October 2020 / Accepted: 23 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This research aims to isolate and identify Zn- and Cd-tolerant endophytic bacteria from Murdannia spectabilis, identify their properties with and without Zn and Cd stress, and to investigate the effect of bacterial inoculation in an in vitro system. Twenty-four isolates could survive on trypticase soya agar (TSA) supplemented with Zn (250–500 mg L−1) and/or Cd (20–50 mg L−1) that belonged to the genera Bacillus, Pantoea, Microbacterium, Curtobacterium, Chryseobacterium, Cupriavidus, Siphonobacter, and Pseudomonas. Each strain had different indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-aminocyclopropane1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase and siderophore production, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and lignocellulosic enzyme characteristics. Cupriavidus plantarum MDR5 and Chryseobacterium sp. MDR7 were selected for inoculation into plantlets that were already occupied by Curtobacterium sp. TMIL due to them have a high tolerance for Zn and Cd while showing no pathogenicity. As determined via an in vitro system, Cupriavidus plantarum MDR5 remained in the plants to a greater extent than Chryseobacterium sp. MDR7, while Curtobacterium sp. TMIL was the dominant species. The Zn plus Cd treatment supported the persistence of Cupriavidus plantarum MDR5. Dual and mixed cultivation showed no antagonistic effects between the endophytes. Although the plant growth and Zn/Cd accumulation were not significantly affected by the Zn-/Cd-tolerant endophytes, the inoculation did not weaken the plants. Therefore, Cupriavidus plantarum MDR5 could be applied in a bioaugmentation process. Keywords Bioaugmentation · Cadmium · Curtobacterium · Metal-tolerant endophyte · Zinc
Introduction Murdannia spectabilis (Kurz) Faden. is a perennial herbaceous plant in the Commelinaceae. Our exploration of a zinc mine, Mae Sot, Tak Province, Thailand, found that this plant was able to propagate in soil highly contaminated with zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) (Mongkhonsin et al. 2019).
Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02108-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Woranan Nakbanpote [email protected] 1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
In addition, M. spectabilis was classified as a Zn and Cd hyperaccumulator, due to its translocation factors (TF) for Zn and Cd being greater than 1.0, and the plants’ adaptation to Zn and Cd stress (Baker et al. 1990; Rattanapolsan et al. 2013). The Zn mine has rehabilitated an open-cast mining ar
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