Community structure and function of cultivable Endophytic Bacteria isolated from four Moss species in Qilian Mountain
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Community structure and function of cultivable Endophytic Bacteria isolated from four Moss species in Qilian Mountain Xiaojun Lan 1,2,3
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Heng Zhou 1 & Tuo Yao 1,2,3
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Wanqing Dong 1 & Jiangui Zhang 1 & Dongrong Han 1
Received: 17 October 2019 / Accepted: 2 March 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Mosses inhabiting alpine regions play a vital role in maintaining the stability of their environments. Despite their possible importance, the cultivatable endophytes of mosses in alpine regions have not been widely examined. The community structure of cultivatable endophytes from four species of mosses, Thuidium cymbifolium, Cirriphyllum cirrosum, Tortella tortuosa and Tortula reflexa, was assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing. The plant growth-promoting traits of all isolates were evaluated by measuring nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, plant hormone (indoleacetic acid) production, and antifungal activity. Overall, 36 endophyte strains of bacteria were isolated from the 4 species of mosses from the Qilian Mountains in the QinghaiTibet Plateau, and were found to belong to 4 phyla, 11 genera, and 20 species. The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria (63.9%). Of the isolates, 53% belonged to Pseudomonas. The cultured bacteria from the mosses differed in their growth-promoting traits. This is the first report on the diversity of culturable endophytic bacteria in mosses from high-altitude cold regions. These plant growth-promoting bacteria might have applications in agriculture or be of value in strategies for environmental protection in alpine regions. Keywords Community structure . Endophytic bacteria . Mosses . Qilian mountain
1 Introduction The surface and interior of plants contain a diverse group of microbial associates. Endophytes have been defined as the community of bacteria and fungi that can be detected inside the tissues of apparently healthy plant hosts (Schulz and Boyle 2005). In 2015, this definition was updated to include “all microorganisms which colonize, for all or part of their lifetime, the internal tissues of a plant” (Hardoim et al. 2015). Some endophytes form a mutually beneficial relationship (symbiosis) with their host plants. They receive protection Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00669-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Tuo Yao [email protected] 1
College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
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Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
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Ministry of Education/Sino, U.S. Center for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
and nutrition from the host while providing/facilitating nutrient uptake as well as protecting the plant against biotic and abiotic stresses. Endophytes commonly exert these actions through their ability to synthesize plant hormones, solubilize phosphate, fix nitrogen, and secrete antibiotics (Hardoim et al. 2015; Ga
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