Zingerone ameliorates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Zingerone ameliorates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats Azam Hosseinzadeh 1 & Mehdi Goudarzi 2 & Mohammad Yahya Karimi 1 & Layasadat Khorsandi 3 & Saeed Mehrzadi 1 & Mohammad Amin Mombeini 2 Received: 13 November 2019 / Accepted: 25 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Gentamicin (GEN) is an antibiotic to treat severe gram-negative infections. Nephrotoxicity is the major adverse effect limiting clinical use of GEN. Zingerone (ZIN), an important component of ginger root, has several pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and free radical scavenging activity. The present study investigated the effects of ZIN against GEN-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups: group I received normal saline, group II was treated with GEN (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.), group III was treated with ZIN (10 mg/kg/day, orally) and GEN (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.), and group IV was treated only with ZIN (10 mg/kg/day, orally). The level of creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) was assessed in the serum of animals. The content of protein carbonylation (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO•), and glutathione (GSH) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), as well as histopathological parameters were evaluated in the kidney tissues. Treatment with ZIN (10 mg/kg/day) remarkably improved GEN-induced alteration in histopathological parameters; these protective effects were associated with the reduction in GEN-induced elevation in the serum level of Cr, BUN, NGAL, and KIM-1. Zingerone also reduced MDA, PC, and NO• levels as well as increased GSH content and SOD and CAT activity in the kidney tissues. Our results suggest that ZIN may inhibit GEN-induced nephrotoxicity through scavenging reactive free radicals and increasing intracellular antioxidant capacity. Keywords Gentamicin . Zingerone . Kidney . Oxidative stress . Histopathology
Introduction The kidney is the most important excreting organ in the body, which is responsible for the elimination of various exogenous compounds such as drugs and endogenous compounds such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine as well as organic and mineral compounds in excess of the body’s needs. Therefore, impaired kidney function leads to the increased serum level of endogenous and exogenous substances excreted by the kidney; this
* Mohammad Amin Mombeini [email protected] 1
Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2
Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
contributes to the toxic effects of these compounds in the body (Ferguson and Waikar 2012). Furthermore, kidneys control normal aci
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