Curcumin nanoparticles ameliorate hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Curcumin nanoparticles ameliorate hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats Mayada M. El-Gizawy 1 & Eman N. Hosny 1
&
Hagar H. Mourad 1 & Amira N. Abd-El Razik 2
Received: 15 February 2020 / Accepted: 28 April 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The present work was conducted to investigate the effect of curcumin nanoparticles (CUR NPs) on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicty and nephrotoxicity in rats. Rats were divided randomly into the following: control, rats treated daily with CUR NPs (50 mg/kg body wt/day) for 14 days, rats treated with a single dose of cisplatin (12 mg/kg body wt, i.p), and rats treated with a single dose of cisplatin followed by a daily administration of CUR NPs for 14 days. Cisplatin-induced hepato- and nephrotoxicity were evaluated by histological examinations and biochemical analyses of liver and kidney functions. Cisplatin induced significant increases in the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and in the levels of bilirubin, urea, uric acid and creatinine. In addition, the levels of hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increased significantly. However, cisplatin significantly decreased hepatic and renal reduced glutathione levels and renal Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Treatment with CUR NPs ameliorated almost all the biochemical changes induced by cisplatin and improved the histopathological alterations in liver and kidney. In conclusion, the present findings indicate that CUR NPs offered an effective protection against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Keywords Cisplatin . Hepatotoxicity . Nephrotoxicity . Curcumin nanoparticles . Oxidative stress . TNF-α
Introduction The wide prevalence of cancer and the severe adverse effects of chemotherapy that is extensively used create major challenges for researchers to develop novel interventions to minimize the induced toxicities. Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) is a well-known chemotherapeutic agent that is commonly used in the treatment of various types of malignancies (Delord et al. 2009). Cisplatin is a small molecule which can easily cross the plasma membrane and enter the nucleus where it combines with DNA forming a covalent complex. Cisplatin belongs to platinum-based drugs which their main mechanism of antitumor activity is interference with purine base in DNA (Díaz et al. 2005). Cisplatin could inhibit DNA elongation by DNA
* Eman N. Hosny [email protected] 1
Medical Physiology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
2
Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
polymerase (inhibiting DNA transcription and replication). This takes place by reversible alkylation of guanine and adenine, forming inter- and intrastrand cross-links in the DNA which change the conformation of the cells. These variations result
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