A new approach for examining the neurovascular structure with phalloidin and calcitonin gene-related peptide in the rat
- PDF / 1,882,586 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 89 Downloads / 178 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
A new approach for examining the neurovascular structure with phalloidin and calcitonin gene‑related peptide in the rat cranial dura mater Jia Wang1 · Dongsheng Xu1 · Jingjing Cui1 · Shuya Wang1 · Chen She1 · Hui Wang1 · Shuang Wu1 · Jianliang Zhang1 · Bing Zhu1 · Wanzhu Bai1 Received: 14 January 2020 / Accepted: 9 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The neurovascular structures in the cranial dura mater have been studied with various histological techniques in the past years. In order to obtain a proper approach to reveal the detailed structures, different labeling methods for the cranial vessels and nerve fibers were tested in this study. Firstly, the labeling characteristics of phalloidin, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and CD31 were compared in rat whole-mount cranial dura mater by using fluorescent immunohistochemistry or histochemistry. Secondly, according to their properties, phalloidin and α-SMA were selected to combine with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) to further demonstrate the cranial neurovascular structure. By these approaches, a three-dimensional map of blood vessels and nerve fibers within the whole-mount rat cranial dura mater was obtained. The results showed that phalloidin, α-SMA, and CD31 were preferably expressed in the wall of cranial vessels, corresponding to the arteriors, venules, and capillaries, respectively. Additionally, CGRP + nerve fibers were clearly demonstrated together with phalloidin + or α-SMA + vessels, forming a delicate neurovascular network in the cranial dura mater. The thick nerve bundles ran closely to the phalloidin + or α-SMA + vessels in parallel pattern, while the thin nerve fibers branched off from the bundles tending to surround the phalloidin + arterioles rather than α-SMA + venules. These findings suggest that phalloidin could be an appropriate biochemical maker to be effectively used together with CGRP for experiments examining the detailed spatial correlation of cranial blood vessels and nerve fibers in a three-dimensional view, which may provide clues for understanding the underlying mechanisms of cranial neurovascular disorders. Keywords Phalloidin · Alpha smooth muscle actin · CD31 · Calcitonin gene-related peptide · Nerve fibers · Blood vessels
Introduction The cranial dura mater is a thick sheet of dense connective tissue continuous at its outer surface with the periosteum of the skull, and together with the arachnoid layer and the pia mater to form the meninges covering the brain (Dasgupta and Jeong 2019; Kekere and Alsayouri 2020). Although it is conventionally considered as a protective tissue for the brain, the intrinsic structures in the cranial dura mater have not been fully elucidated, especially for its vascularity and innervation. Since some studies indicated that headache was * Wanzhu Bai [email protected] 1
Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
deeply associated with neurovascular disorder in the cranial dura mater (Russell
Data Loading...
