Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Investigation of Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) from Garcin
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Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Investigation of Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) from Garcinia kola Pulp Extract Sunday Adewale Akintelu 1,2 & Bo Yao 1 & Aderonke Similoluwa Folorunso 3 Received: 7 March 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The properties of gold nanoparticles, such as conductivity, half-life, catalytic nature, improved solubility efficiency, chemical stability, and its mechanism in binding with bacterial cell wall to induce cell death, have increased its medicinal applications. This study investigated the antibacterial property of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) synthesized from Garcinia kola pulp extract. The ripe fruits of Garcinia kola were obtained, and the pulps were removed, air dried, pulverized, extracted, and mixed with gold chloride solution following standard procedure. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer (UV-visible), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). The antibacterial examination was carried out on four clinical isolate bacteria using agar diffusion technique. The UV-visible analysis confirmed the formation of stable AuNPs at pH 7 in the wavelength region of 564 nm. The FTIR analysis confirmed that the secondary metabolites with –OH functional groups serve as the reducing agent for the synthesis of AuNPs. The morphological assessment of the synthesized AuNPs revealed sphericalshaped particles. The zones of inhibition of the synthesized AuNPs against test bacteria ranges from 3 to 13 mm while that of the control was in the range of 14 to 22 mm. This study provided an environmentally friendly approach in the synthesis of AuNPs from Garcinia kola pulps and also ascertained the medicinal application of the synthesized AuNPs as an antibacterial agent. Keywords Garcinia kola pulp . Clinical isolates . Gold nanoparticles . Characterization and antibacterial activity
Introduction Currently, the world at large is confronted with major challenge arising from the modern health sector as many antibiotics have lost their usefulness in preventing or curing infectious diseases caused by microbes [1]. Several decades ago, antimicrobial agents played a crucial role in curing infectious diseases that emanates from either bacteria or fungi, but the
* Aderonke Similoluwa Folorunso [email protected] 1
MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, People’s Republic of China
2
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
3
Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, USA
existence of precarious and antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major concern. Drug resistance developed by
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