Acacia Gum Hydrogels Embedding the In Situ Prepared Silver Nanoparticles; Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic App
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Acacia Gum Hydrogels Embedding the In Situ Prepared Silver Nanoparticles; Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Application Junaid Ihsan1 · Muhammad Farooq2 · Muhammad Aslam Khan3 · Anwar Saeed Khan1 · Saz Muhammad4 · Nisar Ahmad5 · Abdul Haleem7 · Luqman Ali Shah6 · Shaukat Saeed2 · Mohammad Siddiq1 Received: 10 July 2020 / Accepted: 29 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Hydrogels of Acacia gum (AG) were synthesized in the reverse micelle core of sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) in gasoline medium. The as synthesized hydrogels were used as template to prepare Silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) in situ via the reduction mechanism of NaBH4. The successful synthesis of bare hydrogels and AgNPs loaded nanocomposite hydrogels (AG–Ag hydrogels) were characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Thermal gravimetric analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Scanning Electron Microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Different feeds of the as fabricated GA-Ag hydrogels were used to catalyze the well-known reactions of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), 2-nitrophenol (2-NP), and Methyl Orange (MO) reduction in aqueous medium at ambient physical conditions. Remarkably, 1000 mg/L of AG–Ag hydrogels with reduced 4-NP and 2-NP into its counterparts, 4-aminophenol and 2-aminophenol in 24 min and 15 min, respectively at room temperature. Similarly, 1000 mg/L of AG–Ag hydrogels reduced MO completely within 25 min. The aforementioned catalytic reactions followed pseudo first order rate kinetics, and it was found that the value of rate constant (kapp) increased by increasing the catalyst amount which, thereby confirms the high conversion rate of the reactants.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-020-03380-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Graphic Abstract Schematic illustration of fabrication and catalytic action of AgNPs grown inside the pre-synthesized AG Hydrogel matrices.
Keywords Hydrogels · In situ · Catalyst · 4-nitrophenol · 4-aminophenol · Methyl orang
1 Introduction In this decade, a straightforward approach based on the catalytic conversion of nitro phenols to their corresponding anilines has gotten considerable attention owing to obtaining useful compounds at the cost of environmental remediation [1]. A great deal of nanoparticle based catalysts have been tested to investigate for the efficient conversion of the aforementioned pollutants. Among these catalysts, Ag [2–4], Cu [5, 6], Au [7], Co [8], Pt [9], and Pd [10] based metal nanoparticles have been demonstrated an excellent activity to reduce the organic compounds, particularly 4-NP [11], 2-NP [12], Nitrobenzene [13] and methylene blue [14] etc. The major problem of metal nanopar
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