Antibacterial efficiency of silver nanoparticles-loaded locust bean gum/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels
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Antibacterial efficiency of silver nanoparticles‑loaded locust bean gum/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels Ghassan H. Matar1 · Muberra Andac1,2 Received: 15 June 2020 / Revised: 15 August 2020 / Accepted: 13 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Nanoparticles are important, and nowadays, they are widely used in medical fields due to their antibacterial activity. In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-loaded locust bean gum (LBG)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels were prepared by the gel casting method. AgNPs synthesized by fig leaf extract (FLE) were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to confirm the formation of AgNPs. The developed silver nanoparticle-impregnated locust bean gum/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy for identifying chemical structure such as chemical bonds and for the morphological characterizations of hydrogels, respectively. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted to study the stability of hydrogel. The antibacterial properties of LBG/PVA/AgNP hydrogels against Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli and P. aeruginosa and Gram-positive bacteria such as S. aureus and E. faecalis were evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concentrations method and disc diffusion method. Finally, AgNPs synthesized using the FLE and LBG/PVA/AgNP hydrogels showed good antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In summary, the newly prepared LBG/PVA/AgNP hydrogels have promising antibacterial properties. Keywords Silver nanoparticles · Hydrogel · Locust bean gum · Polyvinyl alcohol · Antibacterial activity
* Muberra Andac [email protected] Ghassan H. Matar [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Ondokuz Mayis University, Kurupelit, 55200 Samsun, Turkey
2
Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Kurupelit, 55200 Samsun, Turkey
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Polymer Bulletin
Introduction Hydrogels are materials that are either obtained or derived from synthetic or natural polymers, exhibiting a three-dimensional (3D) structure. They don’t dissolve in water, but rather it retains due to their polymeric structure thereby increasing in size [1, 2]. Hydrogels were first reported by Wichterle and Lím (1960) [3]. Hydrogels are either obtained by covalently cross-linking linear polymers or simply by noncovalently cross-linking heterogeneous polymers [4]. Hydrogels are distinguished by many properties, including a stable and modifiable structure, biocompatibility, antibacterial effectivity, non-toxicity and their easily swelling (hydrophilicity) properties [5]. Because of that advantage, researchers use them in various fields such as in antibacterial purposes, medicine, foodstuffs and in controlled drug delivery systems [6], such as tissue scaffolds [7], contact lenses [8], drug
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