Impact of essential oils on Musca domestica larvae: oxidative stress and antioxidant responses
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Impact of essential oils on Musca domestica larvae: oxidative stress and antioxidant responses Jyoti M. Chintalchere 1 & Mudasir A. Dar 1,2 & Chaitali Shaha 1 & Radhakrishna S. Pandit 1 Received: 11 June 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract The housefly (Musca domestica) is incriminated as a vector of many detrimental diseases like diarrhoea, cholera, etc. To combat its population below threshold levels many types of insecticides including essential oils (EOs) have been tested from time to time. However the insect has often shown some resistance to proliferate and reproduce continuously. In view of this objective, present study highlights the antioxidative responses of M. domestica larvae to Bay, Lemongrass and Tea tree EOs during a short-term exposure (24 h) to respective compounds. After treatment with EOs, the housefly larvae showed increased levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) indicating increased lipid peroxidation due to tested oils. The Tea tree essential oil induced substantial increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities as compared to lemongrass and bay EOs. Moreover, Lemongrass EO was found to significantly affect the catalase activity depicting a value of 0.0733 ± 0.006 units per milligram of protein (U/mg protein). In case of glutathione reductase activity, higher effect was induced by bay EO exhibiting 0.0150 ± 0.001 U/mg protein which was preceded by tea tree compound. The observations of the present study signpost that M. domestica has evolved antioxidant defence mechanism to combat reactive oxygen species generated by short term exposure of LC50 concentration of tested EOs. Therefore proper optimization of EO concentration together with time of exposure of the insect becomes imperative for formulating organic insecticides against house fly populations. Keywords Musca domestica . Oxidative stress . Essential oils . Lemongrass . Bay . Reactive oxygen species
Introduction The dipteran housefly, (Musca domestica) is common pest found in houses. Apart from annoying humans, house flies are also incriminated as vectors of many detrimental diseases such as cholera, avian flu, (Wanaratana et al. 2013), etc. They carry pathogens on their bodies as well as faeces, however Mudasir A. Dar is co-first author Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00272-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Mudasir A. Dar [email protected] * Radhakrishna S. Pandit [email protected] 1
Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
2
School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People’s Republic of China
while sitting on sugary foods they transmit these pathogens to humans and other animals (Macovei et al. 2008; Grubel et al. 1997). However, to avoid transmission of pathogens many tactics have been employed to
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