Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Antimicrobial Peptides Against Planktonic Culture and Biofilm of Acinetobacter bauman
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Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Antimicrobial Peptides Against Planktonic Culture and Biofilm of Acinetobacter baumannii Maciej Jaśkiewicz 1
&
Damian Neubauer 1 & Kamil Kazor 1 & Sylwia Bartoszewska 1 & Wojciech Kamysz 1
# The Author(s) 2018
Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most challenging pathogens, on account of its predisposition to develop resistance leading to severe, difficult-to-treat infections. As these bacteria are more usually isolated from nosocomial infections, the new therapeutic options are demanded. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are compounds likely to find application in the treatment of A. baumannii. These compounds exhibit a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity and were found to be effective against biofilm. In this study, eight AMPs, namely aurein 1.2, CAMEL, citropin 1.1., LL-37, omiganan, r-omiganan, pexiganan, and temporin A, were tested for their antimicrobial activity. A reference strain of A. baumannii ATCC 19606 was used. Antimicrobial assays included determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum biofilm eradication concentration. Considering the fact that the majority of A. baumannii infections are associated with mechanical ventilation and the use of indwelling devices, the activity against biofilm was assessed on both a polystyrene surface and tracheal tube fragments. In addition, cytotoxicity (HaCaT) was determined and in vitro selectivity index was calculated. Keywords Acinetobacter baumannii . Antibiotics . Antimicrobial peptides . Antimicrobial susceptibility testing . Biofilm . Peptide drugs . Tracheal tubes
Abbreviations AMPs Antimicrobial peptides ATCC American Type Culture Collection CFU Colony-forming units DCM Dichloromethane DIC N,N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide DMF N,N-dimethylformamide DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide ESI-MS Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry Fmoc N-9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography MBC Minimum bactericidal concentration MBEC Minimum biofilm eradication concentration MBECtt Minimum biofilm eradication concentration on tracheal tube fragments MHA Mueller-Hinton agar MHB Mueller-Hinton broth
* Maciej Jaśkiewicz [email protected] 1
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
MIC MTT PBS RP-HPLC SI TFA TIS
Minimum inhibitory concentration 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5diphenyl-2-H-tetrazoluim bromide Phosphate-buffered saline Reversed-phase liquid chromatography Selectivity index Trifluoroacetic acid Triisopropylosilane
Introduction The Acinetobacter bacteria are currently one of the major causes of nosocomial infections while Acinetobacter baumannii is considered to be the major pathogen, owing to its predisposition to develop resistance [1]. These aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria have been routinely isolated form nosocomial infections, notably from patients of intensive care units [2]. These infections are frequently severe and difficult to treat, on account of their correlation with inter-regional spread and local occu
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