Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Larvicidal, and Anthelmintic Activity and Phytochemical Screening by HPLC of Calicotome villosa
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Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, Vol. 54, No. 5, August, 2020 (Russian Original Vol. 54, No. 5, May, 2020)
MEDICINAL PLANTS ANTIOXIDANT, CYTOTOXIC, LARVICIDAL, AND ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING BY HPLC OF Calicotome villosa FROM TURKEY Murat Turan1 and Ramazan Mammadov2,* Original article submitted April 23, 2020. Phytochemical screening of Calicotome villosa ethanolic extracts in respect of phenolic compounds (HPLC method), antioxidant activity (DPPH and b-carotene tests), determination of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, and evaluation of cytotoxic (against Artemia salina), larvicidal (against Culex pipiens and Musca domestica) and anthelmintic activity (against Tubifex tubifex) have been performed. The flower extract exhibited higher biological activity than the stem extracts in all assays (DPPH, 0.6 mg/mL, IC50, b-carotene, 75.12 ± 0.73 %). There was good correlation between the antioxidant activity and total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. The flower extract exhibited significant cytotoxic activity (against A. salina) with 0.312 mg/mL, LC50 larvicidal activity (against Cx. pipiens) with 0.330 mg/mL, LC50 and anthelmintic activity (against T. tubifex) with 1.32 mg/mL, LC50. HPLC analysis showed that vanillic acid was major component in the flower extract. In conclusion, C. villosa has good biological activity for further studies in agriculture, medicine and pesticide industry. Keywords: Calicotome villosa; HPLC analysis; antioxidant activity; larvicidal activity; cytotoxic activity; anthelmintic activity.
properties, they have many different biological activities including larvicidal effects. Synthetic chemical larvicides are applied to control insects in many parts of the world. However, many of these chemicals are toxic to human, plant and animal life. If the insect gains resistance to this chemistry, then the struggle becomes a problem. The natural substances obtained from plants used as insecticides for larval control continue to be extensively investigated [7]. In recent years, it has been reported that the use of synthetic pesticides is significantly reduced due to increased use of natural compounds (alkaloids, glycosides, volatile oils) in agricultural areas. As a result, natural insecticides are considered safer than synthetic pesticides because they are very quickly degradable and have low toxicity for organisms [8]. The genus Calicotome belonging to the family of Fabaceae has five species around the world [9]. There is only one species growing in Turkey, Calicotome villosa (Poir.) Link [10, 11]. In addition to being used as an antitumor remedy, C. villosa is also used by Sicilian people for treating furuncle, cutaneous abscess and chilblains diseases [12]. Earlier works by Loy, et al.[13] and Dessí et al.[14] reported antioxi-
1. INTRODUCTION Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as free radicals are produced in reactions involved in the metabolism of aerobic organisms and play a role in a wide variety of diseases including cancer, diabetes, AIDS[1]. The struggle aga
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