Canine parvovirus 2b in fecal samples of asymptomatic free-living South American coatis ( Nasua nasua , Linnaeus, 1766)
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VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY - RESEARCH PAPER
Canine parvovirus 2b in fecal samples of asymptomatic free-living South American coatis (Nasua nasua, Linnaeus, 1766) Caroline Giuseppa Spera 1 & Elis Lorenzetti 1,2,3 & Fernanda Louise Pereira Lavorente 1 & Gustavo de Calasans Marques 4 & Jacqueline Muniz Bisca 4 & Carlos Roberto Teixeira 4 & Amauri Alcindo Alfieri 1,2 & Alice Fernandes Alfieri 1,2 Received: 29 January 2020 / Accepted: 30 April 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2020
Abstract Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is classified into three subtypes (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) and is the main cause of enteritis and myocarditis in young domestic and wild animals. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of CPV-2 in the feces of asymptomatic free-living coatis from Garden Forest Reserve, Palmital city, SP, Brazil. Fecal samples from 21 coatis (both sexes, different ages, and different aspects of feces) were collected in August 2014 and March 2015. The nucleic acid extracted was submitted to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to amplify a fragment of the VP2 gene of CPV-2. Eight (38%) fecal samples were positive in the PCR assay and were confirmed by sequencing. The 7 nucleotide (nt) sequences analyzed showed 100% nt identity with the prototype strain of CPV-2b (CPV-39 strain). The analysis of the deduced amino acid (aa) sequence revealed the presence of the GAT codon (aa D-Asp) at position 426 of the VP2 viral protein (subtype 2b). This study describes for the first time the identification of CPV-2b in asymptomatic free-living coatis (Nasua nasua) and suggests that coatis are susceptible to Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 infection and are important as a reservoir and an asymptomatic carrier to other wild and domestic animal species. Keywords Coati . Feces . Infectious disease . Molecular detection . CPV-2b
Introduction Many infectious agents, including viruses that are important to human and animal health, are maintained in nature by wild Responsible Editor: Fernando R. Spilki. * Amauri Alcindo Alfieri [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil
2
Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil
3
Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar, Arapongas, Paraná, Brazil
4
Center for Medicine and Research of Wild Animals, Veterinary Hospital, Universidade Estadual Paulista - Julio de Mesquita Filho, P.O. Box 560, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-000, Brazil
animals, which may be responsible for the emergence or reemergence of infectious diseases [1]. The fragmentation of ecosystems due to anthropic impacts increases the contact between wild and domestic animals and, consequently, the cross-species transmission of vi
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