Cardiovascular Genomics Methods and Protocols
As two of the leading causes of death worldwide, heart disease and stroke represent a clear target for genomic research aimed at deciphering the genes and cellular pathways that underlie cardiovascular disease and creating improved therapies. In Cardiovas
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M O L E C U L A R B I O L O G Y TM
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
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Cardiovascular Genomics Methods and Protocols
Edited by
Keith DiPetrillo Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, East Hanover, NJ, USA
Editor Keith DiPetrillo Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research 1 Health Plaza, Bldg. 437 East Hanover, NJ 07936 USA [email protected]
ISSN 1064-3745 e-ISSN 1940-6029 ISBN 978-1-60761-246-9 e-ISBN 978-1-60761-247-6 DOI 10.1007/978-1-60761-247-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2009927009 # Humana Press, a part of Springer ScienceþBusiness Media, LLC 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper springer.com
Preface Heart disease and stroke are the leading causes of death worldwide (1). Atherosclerosis and hypertension are major risk factors for the development of heart disease and stroke, and kidney damage is an important risk factor for overall cardiovascular mortality. Despite the availability of medicines to ameliorate these illnesses, there remains a clear need for more effective therapies to reduce the global burden of cardiovascular disease. One strategy for delivering improved therapies is deciphering the genes and cellular pathways that underlie cardiovascular disease. The last decade has brought tremendous advancement in technology for understanding the genome, including whole genome sequences of multiple species, platforms for high-quality measurement of genome-wide gene expression, high-throughput genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations, as well as statistical packages for integrating phenotype information with genome-wide genotype and expression data. While these advances have led to better understanding of genome structure and function, the goal of identifying genes that cause cardiovascular disease remains di
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