Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Rhyticeros undulatus (Bucero
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TECHNICAL NOTE
Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Rhyticeros undulatus (Bucerotiformes: Bucerotidae) Yanyan Chen1 · Haiya Yan1 · Jianshu Sun1 · Chunqing Li1 · Heng Xiao1,2 · Shanyuan Chen1 Received: 5 November 2017 / Accepted: 9 December 2017 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature 2017
Abstract The wreathed hornbill (Rhyticeros undulatus) has been listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, because of decreasing population trend. There is a lack of genomic information on this species, which can provide valuable resource for conservation biology and phylogenetic studies on hornbill birds. Here we first characterized the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of R. undulatus by next-generation sequencing and conducted phylogenomic analysis of hornbill species with mitogenome sequences available. The complete mitogenome of R. undulatus was 17,842 bp in length and incorporated 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and 1 control region (D-loop). The overall nucleotide composition of this mitogenome was 30.3% A, 22.4% T, 32.6% C, and 14.7% G, with AT content of 52.7%. Phylogenomic analysis using mitogenomes of eight hornbill birds showed that R. undulatus was more closely related to Penelopides panini and two Aceros species. Keywords Rhyticeros undulatus · Mitochondrial genome · Next-generation sequencing The wreathed hornbill (Rhyticeros undulatus) is a bird species of the genus Rhyticeros in the family Bucerotidae (Poonswad and Kemp 1993), found in forests of vast territories of South-east Asia. Due to habitat fragmentation, forest clearing for coffee or tea plantation, and illegal hunting (Rahayuningsih et al. 2015), R. undulatus populations keep decreasing. Therefore, this species has been listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and has also been considered to be the Class II national protected species in China. Previous studied on R. undulatus mainly focused on single gene marker-based molecular phylogeny (Gonzalez et al. 2013; Viseshakul et al. 2011) and habitat distribution (Rahayuningsih et al. 2015). Currently, there is a lack of both extranuclear and nuclear genomic information on the genus Rhyticeros species. Mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) * Shanyuan Chen [email protected] 1
School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming 650091, Yunnan Province, China
Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Diversity and Evolution of High Education in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
2
sequence has been proven useful for molecular phylogenetic and population genetic studies as well as molecular diagnostics in avian species (Sammler et al. 2011). In this study, we characterized the complete mitogenome sequence of R. undulatus and conducted phylogenomic analysis using available mitogenomes of eight hornbill birds, expecting to provide valuable resource for conservation biology and phylogenetic studies on this
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