Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Arius dispar (Siluriformes: Ariidae) and Phylogenetic Analysis
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Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Arius dispar (Siluriformes: Ariidae) and Phylogenetic Analysis Among Sea Catfishes CUI Lei1), 2), #, DONG Yuelei1), 2), #, CAO Rongbo1), 2), ZHOU Xiaoyu1), 2), and LU Songhui1), 2), 3), * 1) Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China 2) Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China 3) Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China (Received December 8, 2019; revised May 1, 2020; accepted June 3, 2020) © Ocean University of China, Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2020 Abstract The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) was 16792 bp in length, containing 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), two rRNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA), 22 tRNA genes, and two main non-coding regions. Among these 37 genes, 28 genes were encoded on the heavy strand, while 9 genes were transcribed on the light strand. The non-coding regions of A. dispar included a control region, a light strand replication and another 11 intergenic spacers. The CR of A. dispar contained 8 conserved sequence blocks (CSBs), a termination-associated sequence (TAS) and a pyrimidine tract. Phylogenetic analysis based on 12 PCGs revealed that A. dispar was genetically closest to Arius arius. The families Schilbeidae, Claroteidae, Mochokidae, and Ariidae formed a closely evolved clade. Molecular information from this research introduces mitogenomice data of A. dispar and suggests the phylogenetic relationships among Siluriformes. Key words mitochondrial genome; Siluriformes; Ariidae; Arius dispar; phylogeny
1 Introduction The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome), ranging from 14 to 20 kb in length, has a smaller size compared to the complete nuclear genome sequence (Boore, 1999; Shi et al., 2013; Carvalho et al., 2016). It usually encodes protein-coding genes (PCGs), transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes (Wolstenholme, 1992; Lashari et al., 2016). The control region (CR) in fish mitogenomes is a non-coding region that plays a vital role in gene transcription (Benson, 1999). Due to the stabilization of genetic recombination and high evolution rate, the sequence and structure of mitogenomes is widely used for the study of molecular evolution, phylogenetic analysis, and population genetics (Simon et al., 2006; Salvato et al., 2008). The growing research on the sequence of mitogenomes has accumulated a multitude of data over the last decade. To date, dozens of mitogenome sequences of the order # The two authors contributed equally to this work. * Corresponding author. Tel: 0086-532-85222720 E-mail: [email protected]
Siluriformes are publicly available from NCBI. Each of these mitogenome sequences has a similar molecular size and a large quantity of overlaps. However, information regarding mitogenomes of the family Ariidae among Siluriformes has been lacking, and the available sequences showed genetic differen
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