Co-fermentation of glycerol and molasses for obtaining biofuels and value-added products
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Co‑fermentation of glycerol and molasses for obtaining biofuels and value‑added products Daniela de Los Angeles Dalmao Pereyra1 · Isadora Bastos Rueger1 · Pablo André Moreira de Almeida Barbosa1 · Fernanda Santana Peiter1 · Danúbia Maria da Silva Freitas2 · Eduardo Lucena Cavalcante de Amorim1 Received: 23 March 2020 / Revised: 13 July 2020 / Accepted: 4 August 2020 © Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Química 2020
Abstract By-products from biofuels production, such as crude glycerol and sugarcane molasses, are interesting carbon sources for anaerobic biological production of hydrogen and metabolites. The objective of this work was to promote the co-fermentation of those two substrates in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor for obtaining biofuels and value-added products. The total and useful volumes of the reactor were 1.2 and 0.945 L, respectively. Sludge from a sewage treatment plant UASB reactor was used as the source of microorganisms. The crushed tire was applied as a support material to guarantee microbial adhesion. The molasses concentration was kept constant (4 g/L) and the crude glycerol varied (phase 1 = 1 g/L; phase 2 = 2 g/L, phase 3 = 3 g/L and phase 4 = 0 g/L) for a constant hydraulic retention time of 4 h. The highest average hydrogen yield (3.77 molH2/molglucose) and the highest average hydrogen production rate (0.34 L-H2/h Lreactor) occurred in the fourth phase of operation (without crude glycerol). The main soluble metabolites produced were 1,3-propanediol (14.4–38.8%), propionate (12.1–37.5%) and acetate (13.2–26.9%). Keywords Hydrogen · Anaerobic fluidized bed reactor · Molasses · Glycerol Abbreviations AFBR Anaerobic fluidized bed reactor COD Chemical oxygen demand, mg COD/L HRT Hydraulic retention time, h HPR Hydrogen production rate, L-H2/h Lreactor HY Hydrogen yield, mol-H2/molglicose OLR Organic loading rate M/CG Molasses/crude glycerol ratio TCD Thermal conductivity detector 1,3-PDO 1,3-Propanediol
* Eduardo Lucena Cavalcante de Amorim [email protected] 1
Center of Technology, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n‑Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL CEP 57072‑900, Brasil
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Acadêmico Hélio Ramos, s/n‑Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE CEP 50740‑530, Brazil
2
Introduction In the context of global sustainable development, to fulfil the UN Agenda 2030 it is necessary to substantially increase the participation of renewable energies in the energy matrix and reinforce international cooperation to facilitate access research on clean energy technologies (United Nations 2015). Under this view, the RenovaBio Brazilian program aims to increase the valuation of biofuels and encourage investment in studies about production capacity, boosting the use of clean energy in the country which is still very dependent on liquid fossil fuels. The growing demand for biodiesel production can lead to an increase in crude glycerol, a by-product generated at 10 kg fo
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