Design of XOR/NOT gate and power-phase comparator by gold air-gap composition in silicon wiring technology
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Design of XOR/NOT gate and power‑phase comparator by gold air‑gap composition in silicon wiring technology Kambiz Noor Mohammadi1 Received: 30 May 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The large differences between the refractive index of Si and SiO2 in the SOI composite (silicon on insulator) and, as a result, its high ability to trap lasers, have led to the construction of valuable optical equipment in recent years. In this paper, with a new idea, by adding two reciprocating golden walls and a transverse air gap, the SOI structure is developed in such a way that equipment made with the new method, such as XOR and NOT gates and powerphase comparators, have a dreamy speed and a super small size. This structure is only compatible with linear polarization so that the axis of polarization, which is the direction of the electric field, is parallel to the gold plates. In the multifunctional structure presented in this paper, if the inputs are uniform plane waves, the output will be uniform plane wave with high accuracy and that the inputs can be phase or power while the output is only power. Simulation in this paper is done using finite-difference-time-domain method. Keywords FDTD-simulation · Optical XOR · Optical NOT · Power-phase optical comparator · Si wire waveguide · Golden wall · Air gap · Linear polarization · Backward power
1 Introduction Gates, comparator, and other optical functions have been recently considered by experts because of the human need for high-speed information processing. Methods of making these optical functions include micro/fiber ring resonator (Zhang et al. 2010; Li et al. 2017), quantum dots (Ma et al. 2010; Kawazoe et al. 2006; Komatsu et al. 2019), semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) (Dong et al. 2008, 2009; Han et al. 2009; Li et al. 2005a, 2006; Kim et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 2004; Kumar et al. 2006; Youssef et al. 2012; Kotb et al. 2018, 2019; Mandal et al. 2017; Houbavlis et al. 1999), TOAD-based interferometer device(Roy et al. 2007), nonlinear effects in SOI waveguide (Khorasaninejad et al. 2009; Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s1108 2-020-02564-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Kambiz Noor Mohammadi [email protected] 1
Department of Electronic, Iran Telecommunication Company, Khorramabad, Lorestan Region, Iran
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K. N. Mohammadi 452 Page 2 of 22 Table 1 Comparison of power comparators parameter (after 2015) Ref.
Year
All-optical
𝜆 (nm)
Foot print (µm2)
Output delay 0↔1
Kumar et al. (2015)
2015
No
1300
Large
10 µs
Kumar et al. (2016) Kumar (2017) Rathi et al. (2019) Fakouri-Farid et al. (2018) Serajmohammadi et al. (2019) Komatsu et al. (2019) This article
2016 2017 2017 2018 2019 2019 2020
No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
1550 1550 1550 1500–2200 1550 1550 1300
1431 85 121 1705 Large 12,000 10.14
1 µs 1 µs 1 µs 4–6 ps 3–6 ps 3 ps 161.5 fs
Table
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