Different agricultural practices specify bacterial community compositions in the soil rhizosphere and root zone
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-020-0058-y
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Different agricultural practices specify bacterial community compositions in the soil rhizosphere and root zone Yan Wang1, Guowei Chen2, Yifei Sun1, Kun Zhu1, Yan Jin3, Baoguo Li1, Gang Wang1 ,* 1 Department of Water & Soil Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China 3 Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
HIGHLIGHTS
GRAPHICAL
ABSTRACT
• Bacterial diversity and community structure differed among agricultural practices. • Crop rotation enhanced bacterial community succession in rhizosphere. • Bacterial evenness in root zone was highest from no-tillage plot.
ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received May 2, 2020 Revised July 30, 2020 Accepted August 7, 2020 Keywords: Next generation sequencing Agro-practices Bacterial community Rhizosphere
ABSTRACT We are only beginning to understand the influence of agricultural practices, together with soil properties and geographic factors, affect bacterial communities and their influence on the soil processes. Here, we quantify how typical agro-practices, i.e., no-tillage, ridge tillage, continuous corn cropping, and crop rotation with corn and bean, and the corresponding soil physicochemical characteristics affect bacterial diversity and community compositions of the rhizosphere and root zone soils. Results show that species richness in the rhizosphere was significantly higher than that in the root zone soils (p < 0.05), typically with more abundant Crenarchaeota and Firmicutes populations that are active members for C and N cycling. Specifically, crop rotation compared to other agro-practices was able to mediate soil pH value and the available P and thereby control the bacterial diversity pattern in the rhizosphere (p < 0.05), while tillage practices regulated the relative abundance of bacterial populations in root zone soils by varying the soil available N (p < 0.05). Analysis of biomarker patterns suggests that the observed differences in bacterial functional capabilities (e.g., nutrient cycling) are strongly related to the physicochemical properties of surrounding soils. Our results highlight the importance of soil-plant interaction in shaping soil bacterial community structure typically in the rhizosphere and root zone soils and also illustrates the challenges in linking soil ecosystem function to microbial processes. © Higher Education Press 2020
* Corresponding author E-mail address: [email protected] (G. Wang)
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1 Introduction Soil microorganisms are often considered a key indicator for soil health and ecosystem stability (Avidano et al., 2005; Lin and Hu, 2008; Hu et al., 2011; He et al., 2013), owing to microbial co-occurrence patterns and complex interactions that drive soil nutrients transformation and cycling (Tedersoo et al., 2014; Srivastava et al., 2016; James, 2019). However, agricultural management practices, in addition to natural factors, includin
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