Effect of methyl jasmonate on in-vitro pollen germination and tube elongation of Pinus nigra
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effect of methyl jasmonate on in-vitro pollen germination and tube elongation of Pinus nigra Aslıhan Çetinbaş-Genç 1
&
Filiz Vardar 1
Received: 15 April 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The purpose of the main research was to investigate the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) (0.05, 0.25, 0.5, and 2.5 mM) on the pollen germination and tube elongation of Pinus nigra. Total pollen germination rate increased after MeJA treatments while the most enhancement was observed at 0.05-mM MeJA. No germination was observed at 2.5-mM MeJA. Although the unipolar and bipolar germination were observed in all groups, no significant changes were observed in unipolar and bipolar pollen germination rates after MeJA treatments. Tube length increased only at 0.05-mM MeJA. Although branched tubes were observed in all groups, branched tube rate increased only at 0.05-mM MeJA. Although two branched, three branched, and consecutive branched tubes were observed in all groups, the most common branching type was two branched type in all groups. Although anisotropy of actin filaments in the shank and apex of unbranched tubes decreased after MeJA treatments, the most decrease was observed at 0.05-mM MeJA. Also, anisotropy of actin filaments in the shank and in pre-branching region of branched tubes decreased only at 0.25-mM MeJA. Anisotropy of both two apexes of a branched tube changed only at 0.25- and 0.5-mM MeJA. Callose accumulation in the apex of unbranched and branched tubes increased in parallel with the increase in MeJA concentration. However, more callose is accumulated in one apex than the other apex of a branched tube. In conclusion, MeJA affected the actin organization, changed the callose distribution, and altered the pollen tube growth of Pinus nigra. Keywords Actin cytoskeleton . Bipolar germination . Cell wall . Gymnosperm . Methyl jasmonate . Pollen tube
Introduction Pollen tubes are one of the most important structures of the sexual reproduction process due to their crucial role in the transport of sperm nuclei to the egg cell, in both angiosperms and gymnosperms (Chen et al. 2006). However, most of the studies on pollen tubes have focused on angiosperms; more data is needed on gymnosperm pollen tube physiology (Breygina et al. 2019). Pollen tubes of angiosperm and gymnosperm seem structurally similar; however, there are various differences between them such as tube growth speed, number Handling Editor: Benedikt Kost * Aslıhan Çetinbaş-Genç [email protected] Filiz Vardar [email protected] 1
Department of Biology, Marmara University, Göztepe Campus, Kadıköy, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
of elongated tubes, and cell wall properties of tubes (Lora et al. 2016; Breygina et al. 2019). Pollen grains of gymnosperm germinate more slowly than pollen grains of angiosperm, and tube elongation also occurs more slowly (Fernando et al. 2005). In angiosperms, multipolar pollen germination is rare although it is a widespread phenomenon in gy
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