Effects of the protein GCP4 on gametophyte development in Arabidopsis thaliana
- PDF / 5,885,166 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 120 Downloads / 226 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effects of the protein GCP4 on gametophyte development in Arabidopsis thaliana Dongjing Ma 1,2 & Lin Gao 1,2 & Rong Han 1,2 Received: 8 December 2019 / Accepted: 4 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract γ-Tubulin complex protein 4 (GCP4, encoded by AT3G53760) participates in microtubule (MT) nucleation in Arabidopsis thaliana, affecting the MT nucleation angles in cortical MTs, and the formation of the spindle and phragmoplasts during mitosis. Here, we report that GCP4 plays a critical role in gametophyte development. The results indicate that the gcp4 mutant caused by T-DNA insertion may express an aberrant gene product interfering with normal GCP4 expression, ultimately leading to the formation of desiccated ovules and aborted seeds. An analysis of transmission efficiency (TE) indicated that female gametophytes were more impaired in development than male gametophytes, and so observation and analysis of gametophyte defects were conducted. Complementation lines obtained by the native promoter and GCP4-coded CDS gene sequence fused with GFP reduced the numbers of lethal phenotypes of the gcp4 mutant. The localization of GCP4 in the gametophyte was detected in cytoplasm around nuclei and in vicinity of plasma membrane of pollen grains, and also detected in full cytoplasm and around the nuclei of ovules in complementation line. Thus, it was established that GCP4 influences the functionality of gametophytes during gametophyte development. Keywords γ-Tubulin complex protein 4 . AT3G53760 . Microtubules . Gametophyte defects . Arabidopsis thaliana
Introduction Microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton networks assemble into arrays for regulation of crucial functions, including cell morphogenesis, cell division, and organelle transport (Lee and Liu 2019). MTs are 25 nm diameter, highly dynamic cylindrical tubes, which consist of α- and β-tubulin subunits in a GTPdependent manner. The spontaneous assembly of MTs is dependent on the structure of the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in vivo (Petry and Vale 2015). An MTOC consists of Handling Editor: Anne-Catherine Schmit Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-02001520-1). * Rong Han [email protected] 1
Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
2
College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
centrosomes in animal cells and spindle pole bodies (SPB) in fungal cells. However, plant cells have no structurally distinct MTOC (Sulimenko et al. 2017). The MT cytoskeleton is organized into four specialized MT arrays during mitosis in plants, such as the cortical MT array, preprophase band (PPB), spindle MT array, and phragmoplast MT array (Hamada 2014; Struk and Dhonukshe 2014), which accurately regulate cell division. MT nucleation is a process that occurs during the formation
Data Loading...
