Evaluation of antileishmanial activities of triglycerides isolated from roots of Moringa stenopetala
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Med Chem Res (2013) 22:4592–4599 DOI 10.1007/s00044-013-0467-x
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of antileishmanial activities of triglycerides isolated from roots of Moringa stenopetala Banchiwossen Bekele • Legesse Adane Yinebeb Tariku • Asrat Hailu
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Received: 27 September 2012 / Accepted: 2 January 2013 / Published online: 13 January 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate antileishmanial activities of compounds isolated from the roots of Moringa stenopetala. Two compounds were isolated from the crude petroleum ether:ethyl acetate (50:50 %) extract of its roots employing column chromatographic technique using a mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate mixture in different polarity (or proportions by volume). The isolated compounds were labeled as MS-1 and MS-2. Their structures were determined to be triglycerides based on the observed spectroscopic (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT-135, and IR) data and reported data in literature. Thus, compound MS-1 and compound MS-2 were identified as 1,3-dilinoleoyl-2-olein and 1,3-dioleoyl-2-linolein, respectively. Evaluation of antileishmanial activities (IC50 values) of the compounds against promatigote stage of Leishmania aethiopica indicated that compound MS-1 to show comparable activity with the reference compounds (amphotericin B and miltefosine) whereas compound MS-2 to be less active. The activity test results against the amastigote stage of the parasite indicated that the compounds have comparable activities when compared to each other, and relatively lower activities as compared to that of the reference compounds. The results suggested that the compounds have promising antileishmanial activities. However, further in vivo tests are
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00044-013-0467-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. B. Bekele L. Adane (&) Y. Tariku Department of Chemistry, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia e-mail: [email protected] A. Hailu Department of Microbiology and Pathology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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recommended before drawing any conclusion about the potential of the compounds as a new antileishmanial drug candidate. Keywords Moringa stenopetala Triglycerides L. aethiopica Leishmaniasis
Introduction Moringa stenopetala is one of the 14 Moringa species that belong to the family of Moringaceae (Mekonnen, 2002). It is a native tree in Southern Ethiopia, Northern Kenya, and Eastern Somalia. In Ethiopia, M. stenopetala is found in many arid areas of the Southern Ethiopia most extensively in Arbaminch and its surrounding areas such as Konso, Negelle, and Wellayta sodo at altitude of up to 1,800 m a.s.l (Stelz and Mayer, 1990; Mekonnen and Gessesse, 1998; Yishak et al., 2011). It is the major vegetable crop in the region (Lindtjorn, 1983; Mekonnen and Gessesse, 1998; Demeulenaere, 2001). It can also be used as bee forage (Tessema et al., 1993) and animal fodder (Jahn, 1991) as
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