Expression of the Arabidopsis vacuolar H + -pyrophosphatase gene AVP1 in peanut to improve drought and salt tolerance
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Expression of the Arabidopsis vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase gene AVP1 in peanut to improve drought and salt tolerance Hua Qin • Qiang Gu • Sundaram Kuppu • Li Sun • Xunlu Zhu • Neelam Mishra Rongbin Hu • Guoxin Shen • Junling Zhang • Yizheng Zhang • Longfu Zhu • Xianlong Zhang • Mark Burow • Paxton Payton • Hong Zhang
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Received: 28 August 2012 / Accepted: 28 November 2012 / Published online: 19 December 2012 Ó Korean Society for Plant Biotechnology and Springer Japan 2012
Abstract The Arabidopsis gene AVP1 encodes an H?pyrophosphatase that functions as a proton pump at the vacuolar membranes, generating a proton gradient across vacuolar membranes, which serves as the driving force for many secondary transporters on vacuolar membranes such as Na?/H?-antiporters. Overexpression of AVP1 could improve drought tolerance and salt tolerance in transgenic plants, suggesting a possible way in improving drought and salt tolerance in crops. The AVP1 was therefore introduced into peanut by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Analysis of AVP1-expressing peanut indicated that AVP1overexpression in peanut could improve both drought and salt tolerance in greenhouse and growth chamber
H. Qin Y. Zhang College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Q. Gu S. Kuppu L. Sun X. Zhu N. Mishra R. Hu H. Zhang (&) Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA e-mail: [email protected] G. Shen Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China J. Zhang M. Burow Texas AgriLife Research Center, Texas A&M University, Lubbock, TX 79403, USA L. Zhu X. Zhang College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China P. Payton USDA-ARS Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA
conditions, as AVP1-overexpressing peanuts produced more biomass and maintained higher photosynthetic rates under both drought and salt conditions. In the field, AVP1overexpressing peanuts also outperformed wild-type plants by having higher photosynthetic rates and producing higher yields under low irrigation conditions. Keywords Drought tolerance Peanut transformation Salt resistance Transgenic plants Yield improvement Abbreviations AVP1 Arabidopsis vacuolar pyrophosphatase 1 IPT Isopentenyltransferase
Introduction Drought and salinity are the two major environmental factors that cause huge crop losses worldwide annually (Boyer 1982; Boyer and Westgate 2004). The climate change is increasing the earth’s surface temperature, and it affects rainfall patterns and increases the chance of having extreme weather conditions in many places on earth, which negatively affects agricultural production in the world (Long and Ort 2010; Battisti and Naylor 2009). Yet, the pressure from world population growth demands more food production from our decreasing crop lands. In fact, we must increase food production by at least 50 % within the next 20–30 years, as the world population is expected to reach 9 billion by
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