Fibrin in Nerve Tissue Engineering
This chapter will focus on the use of fibrin for peripheral nerve repair and regeneration. Important basic aspects of fibrinogen and fibrin will be summarized to elucidate the role of fibrin in physiologic processes such as hemostasis and wound healing. T
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Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 What Is Fibrin? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Fibrin, the End-Product of Blood Coagulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 The Central Role of Fibrin in Wound Healing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 From Wound Healing to Nerve Regeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Mechanisms of Fibrin Formation and Degradation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Fibrinogenesis and Fibrin Network Formation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Fibrinolysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Characterization of Fibrin as a Matrix for Nerve Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 The Intrinsic Biological Properties of Fibrin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Factors Affecting Fibrin Clot Structure and Mechanical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Fibrin as a Delivery Matrix for Neuronal and Glial Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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J. C. Heinzel Department of Hand, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria M. Gloeckel · A. Gruber Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] P. Heher (*) Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, UK e-mail: [email protected] D. Hercher Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 J. Phillips et al. (eds.), Peripheral Nerve Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, Reference Series in Biomedical Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06217-0_4-1
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5 Fibrin in Nerve Regeneration: In Vivo Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 Fibrin Sealant for Sutureless Nerve Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 Fibrin Sealant
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