First record in Upper Egypt of vascular wilt on pomegranate caused by Fusarium oxysporum , its molecular identification
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First record in Upper Egypt of vascular wilt on pomegranate caused by Fusarium oxysporum, its molecular identification and artificial pathogenicity Ramadan A. Mohamed1 · Osama A. Al‑Bedak2 · Sedky H. A. Hassan3 Received: 21 March 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 © Deutsche Phytomedizinische Gesellschaft 2020
Abstract A severe vascular pomegranate wilt (Punica granatum L.) has recently been discovered and reported for the first time in Upper Egypt. Diseased samples were obtained from an infected farm in El-Badari city, Assiut Governorate, Egypt, and the pathogen was isolated on potato dextrose agar at 25 °C. Phenotypic features and DNA sequencing of the pathogen’s internal transcribed spacer region showed that the fungus was Fusarium oxysporum. The pathogenicity study conducted with 2-yearold plants resulted in 80% infection. F. oxysporum re-isolated from all the inoculated pomegranate trees exhibited the same morphological characters as those observed among the isolates. Keywords Vascular wilt · Pomegranate · Fusarium oxysporum · Pathogenicity
Introduction Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a member of family Punicaceae and is one of the most important economic and commercial plants in Egypt (Abdel-Salam et al. , 2018). Pomegranate has been cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, and it is generally very well adapted to the Mediterranean environment (JB 1981) and distributed also in Southeast Asia and the USA (Miguel et al. 2010). Pomegranate planted in Upper Egypt, especially in Assiut Governorate, each feddan cultivated in Assiut could produce 18–20 tons. The total production, cultivated area and productivity of pomegranate in Egypt in 2018 were 219,663 tons, 58,319 feddan and 8.13 ton/feddan, respectively (Abdel-Salam et al. 2018). Pomegranate was documented as a significant topic in the research of antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-phytophatogenic activities of * Sedky H. A. Hassan [email protected] 1
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
2
Assiut University Mycological Centre (AUMC), Assiut University, Assiut 71511, Egypt
3
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El‑Kharga 72511, Egypt
its extracts obtained from various parts (Julie Jurenka 2008; Al-Zoreky 2009; Dell’Agli et al. 2010; Adhami et al. 2011; Ismail et al. 2012; Hajleh and Al-Dujaili 2016). Recently, Skenderidis et al. (2019) have reported that lyophilized powdered of pomegranate peel in vitro exhibited high antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. Fungi can infect pomegranate and cause many diseases such as leaf and fruit spot/blotch caused by Pseudocercospora punicae (Phengsintham et al. 2011), wilt disease by Ceratocystis fimbriata (Somasekhara 1999) or F. oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae (Jadhav and Sharma 2009) and other diseases such as foliar lesions caused by Bipolaris spicifera (Kadri et al. 2011), fruit rot
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