Flavonoids, Cytotoxic, and Antimalarial Activities of Dipteryx lacunifera
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Flavonoids, Cytotoxic, and Antimalarial Activities of Dipteryx lacunifera Leonardo S. Alexandre 1 & Mariane S. Oliveira 1 & Dalton Dittz 2 & Rayran W. R. Sousa 3 & Paulo M. P. Ferreira 3 Cláudia Pessoa 4 & Fernando de P. Varotti 5 & Bruno A. M. Sanchez 6 & Felipe F. Banfi 6 & Mariana H. Chaves 1 Gerardo Magela Vieira Júnior 1
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Received: 17 April 2020 / Accepted: 22 July 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia 2020
Abstract Dipteryx lacunifera Ducke, Fabaceae, popularly known as “fava-de-morcego” and “garampara,” comprises pleasant tasting kernels and is commonly consumed by inhabitants northeast of Brazil. In the present study, among six flavonoids, two are reported for the first time as natural products, 6,3′,4′-trihydroxyflavone (2) and 4-O-metilsulfuretin (4); two reported for the first time in the species isoliquiritigenin (1) and homobutein (6); and two already known flavonoids, 7,3′,4′-trihydroxyflavone (3) and (−)-butin (5), were isolated from fruits and kernels of D. lacunifera. The compounds were isolated by chromatographic techniques and elucidated by spectrometric data (1D and 2D NMR and mass). Compounds 1–3 and 5 showed interesting cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 21.13 to 2.47 μg/ml. In addition, compounds 1 and 2 showed antimalarial activity against P. falciparum with 81.25 and 88.98% of parasitemia reduction, respectively. Keywords Fabaceae . Kernels . Flavonoids . Spectrometric data . Cytotoxicity activity . Antimalarial activity
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s43450-020-00082-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Gerardo Magela Vieira Júnior [email protected] 1
Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Departamento de Química, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Avenida Universitária s/n, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Ininga, Teresina, PI CEP 64.049-550, Brazil
2
Departamento de Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
3
Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Laboratório de Cancerologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
4
Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório Nacional de Oncologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
5
Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
6
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Sinop, MT, Brazil
In Fabaceae, the Dipteryx genus is composed of 14 species found in Amazonia, Brazil northeast, and Central America. Plants of this genus accumulates in its chemical composition coumarins, isoflavones, triterpenoids, fatty acids, and cassane furan diterpenes (Mendes and Silveira 1994). Dipteryx lacunifera Ducke, commonly known as garampara, produces an edible kernel and is appreciated by its flavor, high energy value, and its antioxidant activity (Ayres et al. 2008; Viei
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