Genetic diversity studies based on morpho-pathological and molecular variability of the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum populat
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Genetic diversity studies based on morpho‑pathological and molecular variability of the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum population infecting potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Sorabh Chaudhary1 · Mehi Lal1 · Sushma Sagar2 · Himanshu Tyagi1 · Manoj Kumar1 · Sanjeev Sharma3 · S. K. Chakrabarti3 Received: 25 April 2020 / Accepted: 22 October 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract White mould or stem rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is a devastating fungal disease found in major potato cultivation areas worldwide. The aim of this study was to characterize genetic diversity in the S. sclerotiorum population from the main potato producing regions of India by means of morphological (mycelial growth, colony colour, number and distribution pattern of sclerotia) and molecular characteristics, as well as to evaluate the virulence of S. sclerotiorum isolates in potato for the first time. Among the S. sclerotiorum population analyzed, high phenotypic and genotypic diversity were observed. Using all the morphological characteristics, a dendrogram was constructed based on Gower’s similarity coefficient that distributed all the isolates into three clusters at the 0.62 similarity coefficient. Carpogenic germination of apothecia revealed that larger sclerotia produced a greater number of apothecia while smaller sclerotia produced fewer apothecia. Pathogenicity test results revealed that out of 25 isolates, seven were highly aggressive, 14 were moderate and four had low aggressiveness, whilst isolates from Punjab were more pathogenic than those of Uttar Pradesh. Phylogenetic analysis of universal rice primer polymorphism showed high genetic variability within the isolates that grouped all the isolates in three evolutionary lineages in the resulting dendrogram and showed partial relationship with geographical locations of the isolates. Further, the findings suggest the occurrence of higher heterogeneity and genetic diversity among the S. sclerotiorum isolates that indicates the existence of both clonal and sexual reproduction in the pathogen population of potato producing areas in India. Keywords Morphological · Molecular · Virulence · Genetic diversity · Potato · URP · Stem rot
Introduction
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-020-02952-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sorabh Chaudhary [email protected] 1
Division of Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (Regional Station), Modipuram, Meerut, UP 250110, India
2
Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
3
Division of Plant Protection, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, HP 170001, India
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most economically important horticultural food crops in the world. After wheat, paddy and corn, potato is the fourth non-grain food crop, in terms of total food production and human consumpt
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