Highly effective adsorption of copper ions by poly(vinyl imidazole) cryogels
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Highly effective adsorption of copper ions by poly(vinyl imidazole) cryogels Tianyi Zhong1 · Xiyun Feng1 · Lifen Sun1 · Jinmeng Zhang1 · Yiran Tian1 · Xufeng Zhang1 Received: 2 March 2020 / Revised: 25 August 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Recently, 3D cryogels with the interconnected macropore structure have gained great attention owing to their immense application potential in wastewater cleanup. Here, we fabricated a pure poly(vinyl imidazole) cryogel through improved cryogelation method, adding the pre-freezing–thawing step, which reduced the temperature difference between the different positions of the precursor solution during reaction. Compression experiments showed that the prepared 3D cryogel featured a robust underwater elastic performance. The adsorption capacity of Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions by the poly(vinyl imidazole) cryogel was explored. The results showed the specific adsorption of Cu(II), in which the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency reached 148 mg/g and 99.99%, respectively. The adsorption capacity was 58 times higher than that of the reported poly(vinyl imidazole) cryogel which was prepared using hydroxyethyl methacrylate as the comonomer frameworks. In the reusability studies, the cryogel exhibited accumulating Cu(II) ions performance and excellent regeneration capability, making it a promising adsorbent for Cu(II) removal. Keywords Copper ion removal · Cryogel · Vinyl imidazole · Dynamic adsorption · Adsorption isotherm
Introduction With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, pollution of heavy metal ions in water supplies has aroused immense attention worldwide due to its acute toxicity that harms human health [1]. Among the pollutions, the copper Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s0028 9-020-03413-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xufeng Zhang [email protected]; [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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contamination is widely dispersed and exceptionally serious owing to extensive applications of the copper and its alloys in various fields such as paper, tannery industries, metallurgy, and electric power [2]. Moreover, the copper is not biodegradable, which tends to accumulate in the human organs from the food chains. As a result, chronic exposure to the copper in drinking water can lead to cramps, convulsions, vomiting, or even death [3, 4]. Therefore, a convenient and highly efficient method for removing Cu(II) from wastewater up to extremely low concentration is very desirable for minimizing the health hazards. Traditional treatments of removing heavy metal ions from the wastewater include the ion exchange, electrolysis, photo-degradation, membrane separation, and adsorption method [5–8]. Among those methods, the adsorption method
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