Hydrogeochemical and isotopic characteristics of groundwater in Xinchang preselected site and their implications
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WATER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND STATE OF THE ART TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Hydrogeochemical and isotopic characteristics of groundwater in Xinchang preselected site and their implications Zhichao Zhou 1 & Ju Wang 1 & Rui Su 1 & Yonghai Guo 1 & Jingbo Zhao 1 & Ming Zhang 1 & Ruili Ji 1 & Yanan Li 1 & Jiebiao Li 1 Received: 2 June 2019 / Accepted: 28 November 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The safety disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) has become an important issue for nuclear energy and environmental protection. Water chemistry and environmental isotope are accepted as feasible ways to trace groundwater circulation; it can effectively reveal the conversion relationship between different groundwater of the disposal site. Geochemical and isotopic tracers were used to constrain origins and chemical evolution of groundwater in the arid fissure system of the Xinchang preselected site for high-level radioactive waste geological disposal in China. Groundwater level, water temperature, and water chemistry information at different depths were obtained by multi-layer groundwater monitoring. The results show that the chemical and isotopic composition of groundwater in this fissure system is mainly controlled by evaporation, the water chemistry type of the shallow groundwater is mainly Na-Cl-SO4 or Na-Ca-Cl-SO4, and the deep groundwater is mainly Na-Cl-SO4. Based on the values of monitoring data in deep borehole, the fluctuation of groundwater level is less than 0.40 m with weak hydrodynamic condition, and the geothermal gradient is 1.91 °C/100 m. The isotope analyses indicate that the groundwater in the system recharged by local atmospheric precipitation, and the deep groundwater recharged capacity of the site is weak and with no deep cycle. Keywords High-level radioactive waste . Geological disposal . Water chemistry . Groundwater
Introduction Safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) is an arduous task for sustainable development of nuclear energy and environmental protection. It had become a recognized consensus that geological disposal as a part of the overall solutions for safe management and permanent disposal of HLW (Wang 2007, Wang et al. 2018). A geological disposal system for radioactive waste is a system of natural and engineered barriers whose function is to safety isolate the waste from humans and the environment (Michael and Joonhong 2017). The natural barriers include the host rock and surrounding geological formations, including the
Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues * Jiebiao Li [email protected] 1
Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029, China
groundwater systems and the geochemical systems of the minerals and groundwater (Pusch et al. 2015). In normal circumstances, the pathway having the greatest potential for migrating radionuclides to the human environment is transport by groundwater, and the geochemical composition of groundwater is the core parameter for the suitability and safety evaluation of disposal sites.
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