Integrated metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of ultraviolet disinfection effects on antibiotic resistance gene
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Integrated metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of ultraviolet disinfection effects on antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial communities during wastewater treatment Shuyu Jia1 Tong Li1 Xu-Xiang Zhang ●
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Accepted: 9 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection is now widely implemented in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) worldwide, but its effect on antibiotic resistome of the surviving bacteria remains unclear. In this study, we employed high-throughput sequencingbased metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches to comprehensively elucidate the effects of UV disinfection on the shifts of bacterial community and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on both DNA and mRNA levels in one WWTP. Metagenomic analyses revealed an insignificant change in the bacterial community after UV disinfection, while metatranscriptomic analyses showed that UV disinfection significantly changed the abundance of 13.79% of phyla and 10.32% of genera. In total, 38 ARG-like open reading frames (ORFs) and 327 ARG-like transcripts were identified in the DNA and RNA samples, respectively. The relative abundances of the total ARGs, each ARG type, and each ARG subtype also varied after UV disinfection. Additionally, UV disinfection significantly reduced the expression of total ARGs from 49.40 transcripts per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads (TPM) to 47.62 TPM, and significantly changed the expression of 10.75% of ARG subtypes in wastewater (p < 0.05). Notably, the significant increase in the expression and obvious increase in the relative abundance of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance genes revealed that UV disinfection increases the potential health risk of MLSB resistance genes in wastewater. Moreover, potential host analyses of ARGs revealed the different preferences of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) to ARGs. This study may shed new light on the underlying mechanism of the UV disinfection effect on antibiotic resistance. Keywords Antibiotic resistance genes Taxonomic structure Ultraviolet disinfection High-throughput sequencing Metagenomics Metatranscriptomics ●
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Abbreviations ARGs Antibiotic resistance genes ARB Antibiotic resistant bacteria WWTPs Wastewater treatment plants UV Ultraviolet VBNC Viable but nonculturable RIN RNA integrity number
These authors contributed equally: Shuyu Jia, Tong Li Supplementary information The online version of this article (https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10646-020-02313-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorised users. * Xu-Xiang Zhang [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
PE ORFs TPM TMM ARDB MLSB
Paired-end Open reading frames Transcripts per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads Trimmed mean of M-values Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database Macrol
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