Ion-imprinted silica gel and its dynamic membrane for nickel ion removal from wastewaters
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Ion-imprinted silica gel and its dynamic membrane for nickel ion removal from wastewaters Jiehui Zeng, Jianxian Zeng (✉), Hu Zhou, Guoqing Liu, Zhengqiu Yuan, Jian Jian School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
© Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract An ion-imprinted sorbent (IIP) was prepared by using Ni2+ as template, 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino) ethylamino] propyl-trimethoxysilane as functional monomer, and silica gel as carrier. The adsorption performance of IIP towards Ni2+ was investigated. IIP showed a higher adsorption capacity than that of non-imprinted sorbent, and it also exhibited high selectivity for Ni2+ in the presence of Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions. Then, IIP was used to form a dynamic membrane onto the surface of ceramic membrane for treatment of electroplating wastewater containing Ni2+. Compared with ceramic membrane, IIP dynamic membrane had much higher steady membrane flux, and also rejected Ni2+ to obtain a lower concentration of Ni2+ in the permeate fluid. Perhaps it is suitable for future practice applications. Keywords ion-imprinted, nickel ion, dynamic membrane, adsorption
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Introduction
Nowadays, the pollution of heavy metal wastewater has become one of the major environmental pollution problems [1,2]. Among them, nickel produces a general toxic effect on the human organism, and it is known that inhalation of nickel and its compounds can lead to serious problems, including nasopharynx, lung and dermatological diseases and malignant tumors [3–5]. So, removal of nickel ions from wastewaters is important. The conventional methods for removal of nickel ions are liquid-liquid extraction, adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation and electrochemical processes, etc. [6–8]. However, these methods have disadvantages, such as energy-wasting, low selectivity and the need for additional reagents to Received August 2, 2019; accepted December 18, 2019 E-mail: [email protected]
complete the separation process [9]. The need for effective and efficient methods for removal of heavy metal ions has resulted in the development of new technologies. Ion-imprinting is a state-of-the-art technique for preparing polymeric material, which is known for its chemical stability, high sensitivity, excellent selectivity and reusability [10,11]. Ion-imprinted (IIP) polymers are generally prepared by precipitation polymerization [12], bulk polymerization [13], suspension polymerization [14] and surface imprinting polymerization [15], etc. Template ions firstly interact with functional monomer, and then a crosslinking agent is used to ensure the stability after the polymerization reaction. After removing the template ions, the imprinted tailor-made cavities, which can selectively adsorb the template ions, are left in the IIP polymers [16,17]. Recently, the IIP polymers have been widely used for selective recognition, separation, removal and determination of metal ions in wastewater samples.
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