Liver Stem Cells Methods and Protocols
Increasing evidence suggests that liver stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into parenchymal hepatocytes or into bile ductular cells. These stem cells may be activated to proliferate after severe liver injury or exposure to hepatocarcinogens. St
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IN
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY™
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7651
Liver Stem Cells Methods and Protocols Edited by
Takahiro Ochiya National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
Editor Takahiro Ochiya, Ph.D. Chief, Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine National Cancer Center Research Institute 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045 Japan [email protected]
ISSN 1064-3745 e-ISSN 1940-6029 ISBN 978-1-61779-467-4 e-ISBN 978-1-61779-468-1 DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-468-1 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011942927 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface A Brief Outline of the Aims and Target Audience of Liver Stem Cells The role of a putative stem cells and liver-specific stem cell in regeneration and carcinogenesis is reviewed in this book. There is increasing evidence that there is a liver stem cell that has the capacity to differentiate into parenchymal hepatocytes or into bile ductular cells. These stem cells may be activated to proliferate after severe liver injury or exposure to hepatocarcinogens. Stem cell replacement strategies are therefore being investigated as an attractive alternative approach to liver repair and regeneration. In this book, we focus on recent preclinical and clinical investigations that explore the therapeutic potential of stem cells in repair of liver injuries. Several types of stem cells, such as embryonic stem (ES) cells, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, haematopoietic stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells, can be induced to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells in vitro and in vivo. Stem cell transplantation has been shown to significantly improve liver function and increase survival in experimentally induced liver-injury models in animals. Furthermore, several pilot clinical studies have reported encouraging therapeutic potential of stem cell-based therapies. This book consists of five main categories: (1) Several hepatic progenitor cells; (2) Hepatic differentiation from stem cells; (3) Bile ductal cell formation from stem cells; (
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