Locally Controlled Diffusive Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Using Micropatterned Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogel
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Original Article
Locally Controlled Diffusive Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Using Micropatterned Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogel Carriers Myong-Hee Yi1, Ji-Eun Lee2, Chang-Beom Kim3, Keun-Woo Lee
1,
* & Kwang-Ho Lee
4,
*
Received: 26 May, 2020 / Accepted: 7 August, 2020 / Published online: 18 November, 2020 â’¸The Korean BioChip Society and Springer 2020
Abstract In this work, a novel and simple bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 carrier is developed, which enables localized and controlled release of BMP-2 and facilitates bone regeneration. BMP-2 is localized in the gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) micropatterns on hydrophilic semi-permeable membrane (SNM), and its controlled release is regulated by the concentration of GelMA hydrogel and BMP-2. The controlled release of BMP-2 is verified using computational analysis and quantified using fluorescein isothiocyanate-bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) diffusion model. The osteogenic differentiation of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells is manipulated by localized and controlled BMP-2 release. The calcium deposits are significantly higher and the actin skeletal networks are denser in MG-63 cells cultured in the BMP-2immobilized GelMA micropattern than in the absence of BMP-2. The proposed BMP-2 carrier is expected to not only act as a barrier membrane that can prevent invasion of connective tissue during bone regeneration, but also as a carrier capable of localiz1 Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea 2 Graduate Program of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices Development, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea 3 Intelligent Robot Research Team, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea 4 Division of Mechanical & Biomedical, Mechatronics and Materials Science and Engineering, Chuncheon, Kangwon National University, 24341, Republic of Korea *Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to K-W. Lee ( [email protected]) and K-H. Lee ( [email protected])
ing and controlling the release of BMP-2 due to GelMA micropatterning on SNM. This approach can be extensively applied to tissue engineering, including the localization and encapsulation of cells or drugs. Keywords: Bone generation, Gelatin-methacrylate, Localized release, Controlled release, Bone morphogenetic protein-2
Introduction Bone regeneration is the coordinated response of the body to injured or damaged bones1-3. This is physiologically complicated and involves unknown signaling pathways and processes, which are regulated by different cells, cytokines, and growth factors4-6. Autologous bone grafting is still the gold standard for bone regeneration treatment7-9. Despite the obvious advantages of immune compatibility and excellent osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic properties, the application of bone autografting is limited by the dearth of donor tissue supply and risk of donor site complications. Similarly, the use of allografts and xenografts has be
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