Magnetic separation of nucleic acids from various biological samples using silica-coated iron oxide nanobeads
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RESEARCH PAPER
Magnetic separation of nucleic acids from various biological samples using silica-coated iron oxide nanobeads Huan Yue & Jae Moon Shin & Tirusew Tegafaw & Hyung Soo Han & Kwon-Seok Chae & Yongmin Chang & Gang Ho Lee
Received: 7 March 2020 / Accepted: 24 November 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Magnetic nanobeads can be applied to the magnetic separation of nucleic acids which can be used for diagnosing infectious and genetic diseases of patients. In this study, core-shell structured silica-coated iron oxide (Fe3O4@SiO2) nanobeads with a core size distribution of 40–50 nm and a shell thickness of ∼ 10 nm were synthesized and applied to the magnetic separation of nucleic acids from various biological samples such as cancer cells, viruses, and bacteria. The iron oxide core provided strong superparamagnetic properties with a high saturation magnetization suitable for magnetic separation, and the silica shell provided binding surfaces for nucleic acids. The Fe3 O 4@SiO 2 nanobeads showed the successful magnetic separation performance for all samples.
Keywords Magnetic nanobead . Iron oxide core . Silica shell . Nucleic acid separation . Biomedical relevance
Introduction Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanobeads are considered promising nanomaterials in biomedicine because they can be applied to various biomedical areas such as magnetic resonance imaging (Reimer and Balzer 2003; Wang 2011; Pankhurst et al. 2009), hyperthermia of cancer therapy (Jordan et al. 1993; Thiesen and Jordan 2008), and magnetic separation of biological molecules (Berensmeier 2006; Olsvik et al. 1994; Niemirowicz et al. 2013; Min et al. 2014). A high saturation magnetization of the iron oxide nanobeads (Jung and Jacobs 1995; Qiang et al. 2006) is essential for these applications. The separation of nucleic acids such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) from biological samples has been the most important step in the study of molecular biology (Wink 2006) since the first isolation of DNA by F. Miescher (Dahm 2005). In
Huan Yue and Jae Moon Shin contributed equally to this work. H. Yue : T. Tegafaw : G. H. Lee (*) Department of Chemistry, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, South Korea e-mail: [email protected] J. M. Shin : H. S. Han Mmonitor, Seong-seo industrial road 11, Dalseo-gu, Taegu 42713, South Korea H. S. Han (*) Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, KNU and Hospital, Taegu 41566, South Korea
e-mail: [email protected] K. 99.9%), ethanol (≥ 99.5%), NH4OH (≥ 99.99%), guanidinium chloride (≥ 99%), sodium chloride (≥ 99%), and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) (98%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA, and used as received. Ethanol (99%; Duksan, South Korea) was used for the initial washing of the nanobeads. Triple-distilled water was used for the final washing of the nanobeads and preparation of aqueous nanobead suspension samples. Synthesis of Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell nanobeads (core = Fe3O4 an
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