Neurons-system-like structured SnS 2 /CNTs composite for high-performance sodium-ion battery anode
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Neurons-system-like structured SnS2/CNTs composite for high-performance sodium-ion battery anode Ling Zhu, Xue-Xian Yang, Yan-Hong Xiang, Peng Kong, Xian-Wen Wu*
Received: 25 May 2020 / Revised: 20 July 2020 / Accepted: 26 July 2020 Ó The Nonferrous Metals Society of China and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted significant attention with respect to renewable energy power generation systems because of the abundant reserves of sodium on earth. However, anode materials are presently limited by low energy density, poor rate performance and inferior cycling stability. In recent years, tin disulfide (SnS2) with a particular layered structure has been considered as a promising anode material for SIBs due to its high theoretical capacity and low cost. Herein, a nervoussystem-like structured SnS2/CNTs composite was successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The SnS2 sheets were strung with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to form a hierarchical porous structure, which is effective for electrolyte diffusion and electronic transmission. The large distance of the (001) plane (0.5899 nm) of SnS2 favors Na? insertion–extraction dynamics. Benefitting from these structural characteristics, SnS2/CNTs electrodes exhibit high specific capacity, excellent rate performance and superior cycling stability. A high charge capacity of 642 mAhg-1 was released at 0.2 Ag-1, and then, a high reversible capacity of 427 mAhg-1 was retained after 100 cycles. Even charged at 2 Ag-1, the SnS2/CNTs electrode maintained a capacity of 282 mAhg-1. The nervous-system-like structure of the SnS2/CNTs composite provides a novel strategy for the development of SIBs with high electrochemical performance.
L. Zhu, X.-X. Yang, Y.-H. Xiang, P. Kong School of Physics and Electromechanical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China X.-W. Wu* School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords SnS2/CNTs; Sodium-ion batteries; Anode; Composite; Rate capability
1 Introduction Compared to other rechargeable battery systems, sodiumion batteries (SIBs) have attracted a lot of attention with respect to the system of renewable energy generation due to their insertion mechanism which is similar to that of lithium-ion batteries and the abundant reserves of sodium [1, 2]. However, the current SIBs cannot satisfy the requirements of high-performance and durable energy storage systems due to the huge volume expansion and slow diffusion kinetics induced by sodium intercalation [3]. Researchers have achieved great success on cathode materials for SIBs [4–6]. For example, Na3V2(PO4)3 shows promising features as a cathode for SIBs. In contrast, the research progress for anode materials is comparatively slow [7, 8]. For lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), graphite is recognized as an ideal anode material, but it is nearly electrochemically inactive for sodium-ion storage. Few Na atoms can be emb
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