Fast-charged aluminum-ion battery with aluminum-graphene nanocomposite anode
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Fast-charged aluminum-ion battery with aluminum-graphene nanocomposite anode L. A. Yolshina 1 & P. Yu. Shevelin 1 & K. V. Druzhinin 1 & V. A. Elterman 1 & V. A. Yolshina 1 & R. V. Muradymov 1 Received: 20 July 2020 / Revised: 10 September 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Currently, aluminum-ion batteries are considered attractive energy storage devices because aluminum is an inexpensive, widely available, environmentally friendly, low-flammable, and high recyclable electrode material. Electrochemical cell simulating the work of an aluminum-ion battery with aluminum-graphene nanocomposite–negative electrode, positive graphene electrode, and chloroaluminate ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride has been designed and tested. The cell exhibits excellent performance and long shelf life. The aluminum-graphene composite is not prone to oxidation over a long period of time. Consequently, the negative electrode surface does not undergo passivation by trace amounts of water and oxygen in the electrolyte during storage, which considerably prolongs the battery shelf life. The analyzed cell delivered stable performance across a wide range of charge/discharge rates for several thousands of cycles without any noticeable loss in capacity and Coulombic efficiency. It has almost 100% Coulombic efficiency at high charge/discharge current densities and retains its characteristics after a 7-day current-free period. Keywords Aluminum-ion battery . Aluminum-graphene nanocomposite . Graphene . Room temperature ionic liquid . Galvanostatic cycling
Introduction A search for alternative energy generation, transmission, and storage technologies is one of the priorities for the electrical grid systems across the world. Designing rechargeable electrochemical power sources is of vital importance for the growing alternative energy sector. Lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries remain to be the most commonly used energy storage systems nowadays. However, such batteries possess a number of disadvantages. Lead batteries have a relatively low specific energy density (30–50 W h kg−1) and are not an environmentally friendly option [1]. Lithium-ion batteries have a higher energy density (100–250 W h kg−1 [2]), but are expensive [3] and carry an inherent danger of leakage and fire [4]. Using materials that are inexpensive, widely available, and environmentally friendly and have low flammability will * V. A. Elterman [email protected] 1
Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya 20, Yekaterinburg, Russia 620990
make it possible to reduce the cost of the battery and increase its safety. Aluminum-ion battery is an attractive energy storage device that possesses the advantages mentioned above. The negative electrode of such a battery is made of aluminum, which offers low cost, because it is abundant in the Earth’s crust, and also environmental friendliness, low flammability, non-toxicity,
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