NF kappaB expression increases and CFTR and MUC1 expression decreases in the endometrium of infertile patients with hydr
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RESEARCH
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NF kappaB expression increases and CFTR and MUC1 expression decreases in the endometrium of infertile patients with hydrosalpinx: a comparative study Yong Song1, Qiushi Wang1, Wei Huang1*, Li Xiao1, Licong Shen1 and Wenming Xu2
Abstract Background: Hydrosalpinx are associated with infertility, due to reduced rates of implantation and increased abortion rates. The aims of this study were to investigate the expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), nuclear factor kappa B (NF KappaB) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and analyze the correlation between the expression of CFTR and NF KappaB or MUC1, in the endometrium of infertile women with and without hydrosalpinx. Methods: Thirty-one infertile women with laparoscopy-confirmed unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx and 20 infertile women without hydrosalpinx or pelvic inflammatory disease (control group) were recruited. Endometrial biopsy samples were collected and the expression of CFTR, NF KappaB and MUC1 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: CFTR, NF KappaB and MUC1 mRNA and protein expression tended to increase in the secretory phase compared to the proliferative phase in both groups; however, these differences were not significantly different. The endometrium of infertile patients with hydrosalpinx had significantly higher NF KappaB mRNA and protein expression, and significantly lower CFTR and MUC1 mRNA and protein expression, compared to control infertile patients. A positive correlation was observed between CFTR and MUC1 mRNA expression (r = 0.65, P < 0.05); a negative correlation was observed between CFTR mRNA and NF KappaB mRNA expression (r = −0.59, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Increased NF KappaB expression and decreased CFTR and MUC1 expression in the endometrium of infertile patients with hydrosalpinx reinforce the involvement of a molecular mechanism in the regulation of endometrial receptivity. Keywords: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, Endometrium, Hydrosalpinx, Mucin-1, Nuclear factor kappa B
Background Hydrosalpinx is a common disorder characterized by a distally-blocked, dilated, fluid-filled fallopian tube. The rate of occurrence ranges from 10% to 13% when diagnosed by ultrasound, and up to 30% when diagnosed by hysterosalpingography, laparoscopy or laparotomy [1]. Evidence from two meta-analyses suggests that hydrosalpinges are associated * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
with reduced rates of implantation and pregnancy, and increased abortion rates [2,3]. Laparoscopic salpingectomy of hydrosalpinges prior to in vitro fertilization (IVF) can improve the odds of clinical pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy in women undergoing IVF [4]. However, the exact mechanisms which lead to reduced fertility in women with hydrosalpinges are unclear: various theories have bee
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